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Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease

Torque teno virus (TTV) is an unenveloped, circular, single stranded DNA virus with a genome size of approximately 3.8 kb. Previous studies have demonstrated varying grades of association between TTV DNA levels and immune deficiencies related to age, chronic infections and cancer. Alzheimer's d...

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Autores principales: Westman, Gabriel, Schoofs, Catherine, Ingelsson, Martin, Järhult, Josef D., Muradrasoli, Shaman
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952092/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31917803
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227670
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author Westman, Gabriel
Schoofs, Catherine
Ingelsson, Martin
Järhult, Josef D.
Muradrasoli, Shaman
author_facet Westman, Gabriel
Schoofs, Catherine
Ingelsson, Martin
Järhult, Josef D.
Muradrasoli, Shaman
author_sort Westman, Gabriel
collection PubMed
description Torque teno virus (TTV) is an unenveloped, circular, single stranded DNA virus with a genome size of approximately 3.8 kb. Previous studies have demonstrated varying grades of association between TTV DNA levels and immune deficiencies related to age, chronic infections and cancer. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been related to persistent viral infections such as HSV-1 and CMV, but it is not known whether TTV viral load could serve as a functional biomarker of cellular immunity in this setting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether TTV infection and viral load is related to AD status, CMV immunity, systemic inflammation or HLA types connected to anti-viral immunity. A total of 50 AD subjects and 51 non-demented controls were included in the study. AD subjects were diagnosed according to NINCDS-ADRDA and DSM-IV criteria and neuroradiologic findings were consistent with the diagnosis. TTV viral load was analyzed in plasma samples using a quantitative real-time PCR. Using a cut-off for TTV status at 200 copies/ml, 88% (89/101) of the study subjects were classified as TTV positive. TTV viral load significantly increased with age (beta 0.049 per year, p<0.001) but significantly decreased in relation to CMV IgG levels (beta -0.022 per 1000 units, p = 0.005) and HLA-B27 positivity (beta -0.53, p = 0.023). In conclusion, TTV immune control is not significantly affected by AD status, but appears related to age, CMV humoral immune response and HLA type.
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spelling pubmed-69520922020-01-17 Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease Westman, Gabriel Schoofs, Catherine Ingelsson, Martin Järhult, Josef D. Muradrasoli, Shaman PLoS One Research Article Torque teno virus (TTV) is an unenveloped, circular, single stranded DNA virus with a genome size of approximately 3.8 kb. Previous studies have demonstrated varying grades of association between TTV DNA levels and immune deficiencies related to age, chronic infections and cancer. Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been related to persistent viral infections such as HSV-1 and CMV, but it is not known whether TTV viral load could serve as a functional biomarker of cellular immunity in this setting. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate whether TTV infection and viral load is related to AD status, CMV immunity, systemic inflammation or HLA types connected to anti-viral immunity. A total of 50 AD subjects and 51 non-demented controls were included in the study. AD subjects were diagnosed according to NINCDS-ADRDA and DSM-IV criteria and neuroradiologic findings were consistent with the diagnosis. TTV viral load was analyzed in plasma samples using a quantitative real-time PCR. Using a cut-off for TTV status at 200 copies/ml, 88% (89/101) of the study subjects were classified as TTV positive. TTV viral load significantly increased with age (beta 0.049 per year, p<0.001) but significantly decreased in relation to CMV IgG levels (beta -0.022 per 1000 units, p = 0.005) and HLA-B27 positivity (beta -0.53, p = 0.023). In conclusion, TTV immune control is not significantly affected by AD status, but appears related to age, CMV humoral immune response and HLA type. Public Library of Science 2020-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6952092/ /pubmed/31917803 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227670 Text en © 2020 Westman et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Westman, Gabriel
Schoofs, Catherine
Ingelsson, Martin
Järhult, Josef D.
Muradrasoli, Shaman
Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
title Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
title_full Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
title_fullStr Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
title_full_unstemmed Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
title_short Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
title_sort torque teno virus viral load is related to age, cmv infection and hla type but not to alzheimer's disease
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952092/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31917803
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227670
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