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Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether recent declines in cardiovascular mortality have benefited all socioeconomic groups equally and whether these declines have narrowed or widened inequalities in cardiovascular mortality in Europe. METHODS: In this prospective registry-based study, we determined changes in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31439656 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315129 |
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author | Di Girolamo, Chiara Nusselder, Wilma J Bopp, Matthias Brønnum-Hansen, Henrik Costa, Giuseppe Kovács, Katalin Leinsalu, Mall Martikainen, Pekka Pacelli, Barbara Rubio Valverde, José Mackenbach, Johan P |
author_facet | Di Girolamo, Chiara Nusselder, Wilma J Bopp, Matthias Brønnum-Hansen, Henrik Costa, Giuseppe Kovács, Katalin Leinsalu, Mall Martikainen, Pekka Pacelli, Barbara Rubio Valverde, José Mackenbach, Johan P |
author_sort | Di Girolamo, Chiara |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: To assess whether recent declines in cardiovascular mortality have benefited all socioeconomic groups equally and whether these declines have narrowed or widened inequalities in cardiovascular mortality in Europe. METHODS: In this prospective registry-based study, we determined changes in cardiovascular mortality between the 1990s and the early 2010s in 12 European populations by gender, educational level and occupational class. In order to quantify changes in the magnitude of differences in mortality, we calculated both ratio measures of relative inequalities and difference measures of absolute inequalities. RESULTS: Cardiovascular mortality has declined rapidly among lower and higher socioeconomic groups. Relative declines (%) were faster among higher socioeconomic groups; absolute declines (deaths per 100 000 person-years) were almost uniformly larger among lower socioeconomic groups. Therefore, although relative inequalities increased over time, absolute inequalities often declined substantially on all measures used. Similar trends were seen for ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality separately. Best performer was England and Wales, which combined large declines in cardiovascular mortality with large reductions in absolute inequalities and stability in relative inequalities in both genders. In the early 2010s, inequalities in cardiovascular mortality were smallest in Southern Europe, of intermediate magnitude in Northern and Western Europe and largest in Central-Eastern European and Baltic countries. CONCLUSIONS: Lower socioeconomic groups have experienced remarkable declines in cardiovascular mortality rates over the last 25 years, and trends in inequalities can be qualified as favourable overall. Nevertheless, further reducing inequalities remains an important challenge for European health systems and policies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6952836 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69528362020-01-23 Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe Di Girolamo, Chiara Nusselder, Wilma J Bopp, Matthias Brønnum-Hansen, Henrik Costa, Giuseppe Kovács, Katalin Leinsalu, Mall Martikainen, Pekka Pacelli, Barbara Rubio Valverde, José Mackenbach, Johan P Heart Health Care Delivery, Economics and Global Health OBJECTIVE: To assess whether recent declines in cardiovascular mortality have benefited all socioeconomic groups equally and whether these declines have narrowed or widened inequalities in cardiovascular mortality in Europe. METHODS: In this prospective registry-based study, we determined changes in cardiovascular mortality between the 1990s and the early 2010s in 12 European populations by gender, educational level and occupational class. In order to quantify changes in the magnitude of differences in mortality, we calculated both ratio measures of relative inequalities and difference measures of absolute inequalities. RESULTS: Cardiovascular mortality has declined rapidly among lower and higher socioeconomic groups. Relative declines (%) were faster among higher socioeconomic groups; absolute declines (deaths per 100 000 person-years) were almost uniformly larger among lower socioeconomic groups. Therefore, although relative inequalities increased over time, absolute inequalities often declined substantially on all measures used. Similar trends were seen for ischaemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease mortality separately. Best performer was England and Wales, which combined large declines in cardiovascular mortality with large reductions in absolute inequalities and stability in relative inequalities in both genders. In the early 2010s, inequalities in cardiovascular mortality were smallest in Southern Europe, of intermediate magnitude in Northern and Western Europe and largest in Central-Eastern European and Baltic countries. CONCLUSIONS: Lower socioeconomic groups have experienced remarkable declines in cardiovascular mortality rates over the last 25 years, and trends in inequalities can be qualified as favourable overall. Nevertheless, further reducing inequalities remains an important challenge for European health systems and policies. BMJ Publishing Group 2020-01 2019-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6952836/ /pubmed/31439656 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315129 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Health Care Delivery, Economics and Global Health Di Girolamo, Chiara Nusselder, Wilma J Bopp, Matthias Brønnum-Hansen, Henrik Costa, Giuseppe Kovács, Katalin Leinsalu, Mall Martikainen, Pekka Pacelli, Barbara Rubio Valverde, José Mackenbach, Johan P Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe |
title | Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe |
title_full | Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe |
title_fullStr | Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe |
title_full_unstemmed | Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe |
title_short | Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe |
title_sort | progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in europe |
topic | Health Care Delivery, Economics and Global Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6952836/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31439656 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315129 |
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