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Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent
The outcomes of invasive plant removal efforts are influenced by management decisions, but are also contingent on the uncontrolled spatial and temporal context of management areas. Phragmites australis is an aggressive invader that is intensively managed in wetlands across North America. Treatment o...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5820 |
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author | Rohal, Christine B. Cranney, Chad Hazelton, Eric L. G. Kettenring, Karin M. |
author_facet | Rohal, Christine B. Cranney, Chad Hazelton, Eric L. G. Kettenring, Karin M. |
author_sort | Rohal, Christine B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The outcomes of invasive plant removal efforts are influenced by management decisions, but are also contingent on the uncontrolled spatial and temporal context of management areas. Phragmites australis is an aggressive invader that is intensively managed in wetlands across North America. Treatment options have been understudied, and the ecological contingencies of management outcomes are poorly understood. We implemented a 5‐year, multi‐site experiment to evaluate six Phragmites management treatments that varied timing (summer or fall) and types of herbicide (glyphosate or imazapyr) along with mowing, plus a nonherbicide solarization treatment. We evaluated treatments for their influence on Phragmites and native plant cover and Phragmites inflorescence production. We assessed plant community trajectories and outcomes in the context of environmental factors. The summer mow, fall glyphosate spray treatment resulted in low Phragmites cover, high inflorescence reduction, and provided the best conditions for native plant recruitment. However, returning plant communities did not resemble reference sites, which were dominated by ecologically important perennial graminoids. Native plant recovery following initial Phragmites treatments was likely limited by the dense litter that resulted from mowing. After 5 years, Phragmites mortality and native plant recovery were highly variable across sites as driven by hydrology. Plots with higher soil moisture had greater reduction in Phragmites cover and more robust recruitment of natives compared with low moisture plots. This moisture effect may limit management options in semiarid regions vulnerable to water scarcity. We demonstrate the importance of replicating invasive species management experiments across sites so the contingencies of successes and failures can be better understood. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6953697 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69536972020-01-14 Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent Rohal, Christine B. Cranney, Chad Hazelton, Eric L. G. Kettenring, Karin M. Ecol Evol Original Research The outcomes of invasive plant removal efforts are influenced by management decisions, but are also contingent on the uncontrolled spatial and temporal context of management areas. Phragmites australis is an aggressive invader that is intensively managed in wetlands across North America. Treatment options have been understudied, and the ecological contingencies of management outcomes are poorly understood. We implemented a 5‐year, multi‐site experiment to evaluate six Phragmites management treatments that varied timing (summer or fall) and types of herbicide (glyphosate or imazapyr) along with mowing, plus a nonherbicide solarization treatment. We evaluated treatments for their influence on Phragmites and native plant cover and Phragmites inflorescence production. We assessed plant community trajectories and outcomes in the context of environmental factors. The summer mow, fall glyphosate spray treatment resulted in low Phragmites cover, high inflorescence reduction, and provided the best conditions for native plant recruitment. However, returning plant communities did not resemble reference sites, which were dominated by ecologically important perennial graminoids. Native plant recovery following initial Phragmites treatments was likely limited by the dense litter that resulted from mowing. After 5 years, Phragmites mortality and native plant recovery were highly variable across sites as driven by hydrology. Plots with higher soil moisture had greater reduction in Phragmites cover and more robust recruitment of natives compared with low moisture plots. This moisture effect may limit management options in semiarid regions vulnerable to water scarcity. We demonstrate the importance of replicating invasive species management experiments across sites so the contingencies of successes and failures can be better understood. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-12-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6953697/ /pubmed/31938485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5820 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Rohal, Christine B. Cranney, Chad Hazelton, Eric L. G. Kettenring, Karin M. Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
title | Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
title_full | Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
title_fullStr | Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
title_full_unstemmed | Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
title_short | Invasive Phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
title_sort | invasive phragmites australis management outcomes and native plant recovery are context dependent |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953697/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31938485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5820 |
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