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Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease

Body mass index (BMI) has a complex relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD); in midlife, high BMI is associated with increased risk for AD, whereas the relationship in late-life is still unclear. To clarify the relationship between late-life BMI and risk for AD, this study examined the exten...

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Autores principales: Hayes, Jasmeet P., Moody, Jena N., Roca, Juan Guzmán, Hayes, Scott M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953956/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31927127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102156
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author Hayes, Jasmeet P.
Moody, Jena N.
Roca, Juan Guzmán
Hayes, Scott M.
author_facet Hayes, Jasmeet P.
Moody, Jena N.
Roca, Juan Guzmán
Hayes, Scott M.
author_sort Hayes, Jasmeet P.
collection PubMed
description Body mass index (BMI) has a complex relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD); in midlife, high BMI is associated with increased risk for AD, whereas the relationship in late-life is still unclear. To clarify the relationship between late-life BMI and risk for AD, this study examined the extent to which genetic predisposition for AD moderates BMI and AD-related biomarker associations. Participants included 126 cognitively normal older adults at baseline from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. Genetic risk for AD was assessed via polygenic hazard score. AD-related biomarkers assessed were medial temporal lobe volume and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Hierarchical linear regressions were implemented to examine the effects of BMI and polygenic hazard score on AD-related biomarkers. Results showed that BMI moderated the relationship between genetic risk for AD and medial temporal lobe volume, such that individuals with high BMI and high genetic risk for AD showed lower volume in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In sex-stratified analyses, these results remained significant only in females. Finally, BMI and genetic risk for AD were independently associated with CSF biomarkers of AD. These results provide evidence that high BMI is associated with lower volume in AD-vulnerable brain regions in individuals at genetic risk for AD, particularly females. The genetic pathways of AD may be exacerbated by high BMI. Environmental and genetic risk factors rarely occur in isolation, which underscores the importance of looking at their synergistic effects, as they provide insight into early risk factors for AD that prevention methods could target.
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spelling pubmed-69539562020-01-14 Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease Hayes, Jasmeet P. Moody, Jena N. Roca, Juan Guzmán Hayes, Scott M. Neuroimage Clin Regular Article Body mass index (BMI) has a complex relationship with Alzheimer's disease (AD); in midlife, high BMI is associated with increased risk for AD, whereas the relationship in late-life is still unclear. To clarify the relationship between late-life BMI and risk for AD, this study examined the extent to which genetic predisposition for AD moderates BMI and AD-related biomarker associations. Participants included 126 cognitively normal older adults at baseline from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort. Genetic risk for AD was assessed via polygenic hazard score. AD-related biomarkers assessed were medial temporal lobe volume and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Hierarchical linear regressions were implemented to examine the effects of BMI and polygenic hazard score on AD-related biomarkers. Results showed that BMI moderated the relationship between genetic risk for AD and medial temporal lobe volume, such that individuals with high BMI and high genetic risk for AD showed lower volume in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In sex-stratified analyses, these results remained significant only in females. Finally, BMI and genetic risk for AD were independently associated with CSF biomarkers of AD. These results provide evidence that high BMI is associated with lower volume in AD-vulnerable brain regions in individuals at genetic risk for AD, particularly females. The genetic pathways of AD may be exacerbated by high BMI. Environmental and genetic risk factors rarely occur in isolation, which underscores the importance of looking at their synergistic effects, as they provide insight into early risk factors for AD that prevention methods could target. Elsevier 2019-12-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6953956/ /pubmed/31927127 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102156 Text en © 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Regular Article
Hayes, Jasmeet P.
Moody, Jena N.
Roca, Juan Guzmán
Hayes, Scott M.
Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease
title Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_full Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_fullStr Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_full_unstemmed Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_short Body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for Alzheimer's disease
title_sort body mass index is associated with smaller medial temporal lobe volume in those at risk for alzheimer's disease
topic Regular Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6953956/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31927127
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102156
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