Cargando…
Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples
Advances in nucleic acid amplification technologies have revolutionized diagnostics for systemic, inherited, and infectious diseases. Current assays and platforms, however, often require lengthy experimental procedures and multiple instruments to remove contaminants and inhibitors from clinically-re...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955841/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31574959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9040117 |
_version_ | 1783487021633765376 |
---|---|
author | Walker, Faye M. Hsieh, Kuangwen |
author_facet | Walker, Faye M. Hsieh, Kuangwen |
author_sort | Walker, Faye M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Advances in nucleic acid amplification technologies have revolutionized diagnostics for systemic, inherited, and infectious diseases. Current assays and platforms, however, often require lengthy experimental procedures and multiple instruments to remove contaminants and inhibitors from clinically-relevant, complex samples. This requirement of sample preparation has been a bottleneck for using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) at the point of care (POC), though advances in “lab-on-chip” platforms that integrate sample preparation and NAATs have made great strides in this space. Alternatively, direct NAATs—techniques that minimize or even bypass sample preparation—present promising strategies for developing POC diagnostic tools for analyzing real-world samples. In this review, we discuss the current status of direct NAATs. Specifically, we surveyed potential testing systems published from 1989 to 2017, and analyzed their performances in terms of robustness, sensitivity, clinical relevance, and suitability for POC diagnostics. We introduce bubble plots to facilitate our analysis, as bubble plots enable effective visualization of the performances of these direct NAATs. Through our review, we hope to initiate an in-depth examination of direct NAATs and their potential for realizing POC diagnostics, and ultimately transformative technologies that can further enhance healthcare. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6955841 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69558412020-01-23 Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples Walker, Faye M. Hsieh, Kuangwen Biosensors (Basel) Review Advances in nucleic acid amplification technologies have revolutionized diagnostics for systemic, inherited, and infectious diseases. Current assays and platforms, however, often require lengthy experimental procedures and multiple instruments to remove contaminants and inhibitors from clinically-relevant, complex samples. This requirement of sample preparation has been a bottleneck for using nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) at the point of care (POC), though advances in “lab-on-chip” platforms that integrate sample preparation and NAATs have made great strides in this space. Alternatively, direct NAATs—techniques that minimize or even bypass sample preparation—present promising strategies for developing POC diagnostic tools for analyzing real-world samples. In this review, we discuss the current status of direct NAATs. Specifically, we surveyed potential testing systems published from 1989 to 2017, and analyzed their performances in terms of robustness, sensitivity, clinical relevance, and suitability for POC diagnostics. We introduce bubble plots to facilitate our analysis, as bubble plots enable effective visualization of the performances of these direct NAATs. Through our review, we hope to initiate an in-depth examination of direct NAATs and their potential for realizing POC diagnostics, and ultimately transformative technologies that can further enhance healthcare. MDPI 2019-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6955841/ /pubmed/31574959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9040117 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Walker, Faye M. Hsieh, Kuangwen Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples |
title | Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples |
title_full | Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples |
title_fullStr | Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples |
title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples |
title_short | Advances in Directly Amplifying Nucleic Acids from Complex Samples |
title_sort | advances in directly amplifying nucleic acids from complex samples |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955841/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31574959 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9040117 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT walkerfayem advancesindirectlyamplifyingnucleicacidsfromcomplexsamples AT hsiehkuangwen advancesindirectlyamplifyingnucleicacidsfromcomplexsamples |