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Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments
Owing to the harsh downhole environments, poor dispersion of silica at high salinity and high temperature can severely restrict its application as the nano-plugging agent in shale gas exploitation. The objective of this study is to improve salt tolerance and thermal stability of silica. Herein, sili...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31775285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121683 |
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author | Ma, Lan Luo, Pingya He, Yi Zhang, Liyun Fan, Yi Jiang, Zhenju |
author_facet | Ma, Lan Luo, Pingya He, Yi Zhang, Liyun Fan, Yi Jiang, Zhenju |
author_sort | Ma, Lan |
collection | PubMed |
description | Owing to the harsh downhole environments, poor dispersion of silica at high salinity and high temperature can severely restrict its application as the nano-plugging agent in shale gas exploitation. The objective of this study is to improve salt tolerance and thermal stability of silica. Herein, silica was successfully functionalized with an anionic polymer (p SPMA) by SI-ATRP (surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization), named SiO(2)-g-SPMA. The grafted pSPMA brushes on silica provided sufficient electrostatic repulsion and steric repulsion for stabilizing silica in a harsh environment. The modified silica (SiO(2)-g-SPMA) had excellent colloidal stability at salinities up to 5.43 M NaCl (saturated brine) and standard API brine (8 wt% NaCl + 2 wt% CaCl(2)) for 30 days at room temperature. Simultaneously, the SiO(2)-g-SPMA was stable at 170 °C for 24 h as well as stable in weakly alkali environment. Furthermore, the plugging performance of SiO(2)-g-SPMA in water-based drilling fluids for low permeate reservoir reached to 78.25% when adding a small amount of 0.5 wt% SiO(2)-g-SPMA, which effectively hindered the water invasion into formation and protected the reservoir. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6955846 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69558462020-01-23 Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments Ma, Lan Luo, Pingya He, Yi Zhang, Liyun Fan, Yi Jiang, Zhenju Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Owing to the harsh downhole environments, poor dispersion of silica at high salinity and high temperature can severely restrict its application as the nano-plugging agent in shale gas exploitation. The objective of this study is to improve salt tolerance and thermal stability of silica. Herein, silica was successfully functionalized with an anionic polymer (p SPMA) by SI-ATRP (surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization), named SiO(2)-g-SPMA. The grafted pSPMA brushes on silica provided sufficient electrostatic repulsion and steric repulsion for stabilizing silica in a harsh environment. The modified silica (SiO(2)-g-SPMA) had excellent colloidal stability at salinities up to 5.43 M NaCl (saturated brine) and standard API brine (8 wt% NaCl + 2 wt% CaCl(2)) for 30 days at room temperature. Simultaneously, the SiO(2)-g-SPMA was stable at 170 °C for 24 h as well as stable in weakly alkali environment. Furthermore, the plugging performance of SiO(2)-g-SPMA in water-based drilling fluids for low permeate reservoir reached to 78.25% when adding a small amount of 0.5 wt% SiO(2)-g-SPMA, which effectively hindered the water invasion into formation and protected the reservoir. MDPI 2019-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC6955846/ /pubmed/31775285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121683 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ma, Lan Luo, Pingya He, Yi Zhang, Liyun Fan, Yi Jiang, Zhenju Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments |
title | Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments |
title_full | Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments |
title_fullStr | Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments |
title_full_unstemmed | Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments |
title_short | Ultra-Stable Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Plugging Additive for Shale Exploitation in Harsh Environments |
title_sort | ultra-stable silica nanoparticles as nano-plugging additive for shale exploitation in harsh environments |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31775285 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121683 |
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