Cargando…
Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin
Among nanocelluloses, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has proven to be a promising candidate in a range of biomedical applications, from topical wound dressings to tissue-engineering scaffolds. Chemical modifications and incorporation of bioactive molecules have been obtained, further increasing the p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955863/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31766754 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121668 |
_version_ | 1783487026759204864 |
---|---|
author | Vismara, Elena Bernardi, Andrea Bongio, Chiara Farè, Silvia Pappalardo, Salvatore Serafini, Andrea Pollegioni, Loredano Rosini, Elena Torri, Giangiacomo |
author_facet | Vismara, Elena Bernardi, Andrea Bongio, Chiara Farè, Silvia Pappalardo, Salvatore Serafini, Andrea Pollegioni, Loredano Rosini, Elena Torri, Giangiacomo |
author_sort | Vismara, Elena |
collection | PubMed |
description | Among nanocelluloses, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has proven to be a promising candidate in a range of biomedical applications, from topical wound dressings to tissue-engineering scaffolds. Chemical modifications and incorporation of bioactive molecules have been obtained, further increasing the potential of BNC. This study describes the incorporation of vancomycin and ciprofloxacin in BNC and in modified BNC to afford bioactive BNCs suitable for topical wound dressings and tissue-engineering scaffolds. BNC was modified by grafting glycidylmethacrylate (GMA) and further cross-linking with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with the formation of stable C–C bonds through a radical Fenton-type process that involves generation of cellulose carbon centred radicals scavenged by methacrylate structures. The average molar substitution degree MS (MS = methacrylate residue per glucose unit, measured by Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) analysis) can be modulated in a large range from 0.1 up to 3. BNC-GMA, BNC-EGDMA and BNC-GMA-EGDMA maintain the hydrogel status until MS reaches the value of 1. The mechanical stress resistance increase of BNC-GMA and BNC-GMA-EGDMA of MS around 0.8 with respect to BNC suggests that they can be preferred to BNC for tissue-engineering scaffolds in cases where the resistance plays a crucial role. BNC, BNC-GMA, BNC-EGDMA and BNC-GMA-EGDMA were loaded with vancomycin (VC) and ciprofloxacin (CP) and submitted to release experiments. BNC-GMA-EGDMA of high substitution degree (0.7–1) hold up to 50 percentage of the loaded vancomycin and ciprofloxacin amount, suggesting that they can be further investigated for long-term antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, they were not colonized by Staphylococcus aureus (S.A.) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K.P.). Grafting and cross-linking BNC modification emerges from our results as a good choice to improve the BNC potential in biomedical applications like topical wound dressings and tissue-engineering scaffolds. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6955863 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69558632020-01-23 Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin Vismara, Elena Bernardi, Andrea Bongio, Chiara Farè, Silvia Pappalardo, Salvatore Serafini, Andrea Pollegioni, Loredano Rosini, Elena Torri, Giangiacomo Nanomaterials (Basel) Article Among nanocelluloses, bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) has proven to be a promising candidate in a range of biomedical applications, from topical wound dressings to tissue-engineering scaffolds. Chemical modifications and incorporation of bioactive molecules have been obtained, further increasing the potential of BNC. This study describes the incorporation of vancomycin and ciprofloxacin in BNC and in modified BNC to afford bioactive BNCs suitable for topical wound dressings and tissue-engineering scaffolds. BNC was modified by grafting glycidylmethacrylate (GMA) and further cross-linking with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) with the formation of stable C–C bonds through a radical Fenton-type process that involves generation of cellulose carbon centred radicals scavenged by methacrylate structures. The average molar substitution degree MS (MS = methacrylate residue per glucose unit, measured by Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) analysis) can be modulated in a large range from 0.1 up to 3. BNC-GMA, BNC-EGDMA and BNC-GMA-EGDMA maintain the hydrogel status until MS reaches the value of 1. The mechanical stress resistance increase of BNC-GMA and BNC-GMA-EGDMA of MS around 0.8 with respect to BNC suggests that they can be preferred to BNC for tissue-engineering scaffolds in cases where the resistance plays a crucial role. BNC, BNC-GMA, BNC-EGDMA and BNC-GMA-EGDMA were loaded with vancomycin (VC) and ciprofloxacin (CP) and submitted to release experiments. BNC-GMA-EGDMA of high substitution degree (0.7–1) hold up to 50 percentage of the loaded vancomycin and ciprofloxacin amount, suggesting that they can be further investigated for long-term antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, they were not colonized by Staphylococcus aureus (S.A.) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K.P.). Grafting and cross-linking BNC modification emerges from our results as a good choice to improve the BNC potential in biomedical applications like topical wound dressings and tissue-engineering scaffolds. MDPI 2019-11-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6955863/ /pubmed/31766754 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121668 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Vismara, Elena Bernardi, Andrea Bongio, Chiara Farè, Silvia Pappalardo, Salvatore Serafini, Andrea Pollegioni, Loredano Rosini, Elena Torri, Giangiacomo Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin |
title | Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin |
title_full | Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin |
title_fullStr | Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin |
title_full_unstemmed | Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin |
title_short | Bacterial Nanocellulose and Its Surface Modification by Glycidyl Methacrylate and Ethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate. Incorporation of Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin |
title_sort | bacterial nanocellulose and its surface modification by glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. incorporation of vancomycin and ciprofloxacin |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6955863/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31766754 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121668 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT vismaraelena bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT bernardiandrea bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT bongiochiara bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT faresilvia bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT pappalardosalvatore bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT serafiniandrea bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT pollegioniloredano bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT rosinielena bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin AT torrigiangiacomo bacterialnanocelluloseanditssurfacemodificationbyglycidylmethacrylateandethyleneglycoldimethacrylateincorporationofvancomycinandciprofloxacin |