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16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates

Turfgrass investigators have observed that plantings of grass seeds produced in moist climates produce seedling stands that show greater stand evenness with reduced disease compared to those grown from seeds produced in dry climates. Grass seeds carry microbes on their surfaces that become endophyti...

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Autores principales: Chen, Qiang, Meyer, William A., Zhang, Qiuwei, White, James F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6956778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31942261
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8417
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author Chen, Qiang
Meyer, William A.
Zhang, Qiuwei
White, James F.
author_facet Chen, Qiang
Meyer, William A.
Zhang, Qiuwei
White, James F.
author_sort Chen, Qiang
collection PubMed
description Turfgrass investigators have observed that plantings of grass seeds produced in moist climates produce seedling stands that show greater stand evenness with reduced disease compared to those grown from seeds produced in dry climates. Grass seeds carry microbes on their surfaces that become endophytic in seedlings and promote seedling growth. We hypothesize that incomplete development of the microbiome associated with the surface of seeds produced in dry climates reduces the performance of seeds. Little is known about the influence of moisture on the structure of this microbial community. We conducted metagenomic analysis of the bacterial communities associated with seeds of three turf species (Festuca rubra, Lolium arundinacea, and Lolium perenne) from low moisture (LM) and high moisture (HM) climates. The bacterial communities were characterized by Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA V3–V4 regions. We performed seed germination tests and analyzed the correlations between the abundance of different bacterial groups and seed germination at different taxonomy ranks. Climate appeared to structure the bacterial communities associated with seeds. LM seeds vectored mainly Proteobacteria (89%). HM seeds vectored a denser and more diverse bacterial community that included Proteobacteria (50%) and Bacteroides (39%). At the genus level, Pedobacter (20%), Sphingomonas (13%), Massilia (12%), Pantoea (12%) and Pseudomonas (11%) were the major genera in the bacterial communities regardless of climate conditions. Massilia, Pantoea and Pseudomonas dominated LM seeds, while Pedobacter and Sphingomonas dominated HM seeds. The species of turf seeds did not appear to influence bacterial community composition. The seeds of the three turf species showed a core microbiome consisting of 27 genera from phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria. Differences in seed-vectored microbes, in terms of diversity and density between high and LM climates, may result from effects of moisture level on the colonization of microbes and the development of microbe community on seed surface tissues (adherent paleas and lemmas). The greater diversity and density of seed vectored microbes in HM climates may benefit seedlings by helping them tolerate stress and fight disease organisms, but this dense microbial community may also compete with seedlings for nutrients, slowing or modulating seed germination and seedling growth.
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spelling pubmed-69567782020-01-15 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates Chen, Qiang Meyer, William A. Zhang, Qiuwei White, James F. PeerJ Agricultural Science Turfgrass investigators have observed that plantings of grass seeds produced in moist climates produce seedling stands that show greater stand evenness with reduced disease compared to those grown from seeds produced in dry climates. Grass seeds carry microbes on their surfaces that become endophytic in seedlings and promote seedling growth. We hypothesize that incomplete development of the microbiome associated with the surface of seeds produced in dry climates reduces the performance of seeds. Little is known about the influence of moisture on the structure of this microbial community. We conducted metagenomic analysis of the bacterial communities associated with seeds of three turf species (Festuca rubra, Lolium arundinacea, and Lolium perenne) from low moisture (LM) and high moisture (HM) climates. The bacterial communities were characterized by Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA V3–V4 regions. We performed seed germination tests and analyzed the correlations between the abundance of different bacterial groups and seed germination at different taxonomy ranks. Climate appeared to structure the bacterial communities associated with seeds. LM seeds vectored mainly Proteobacteria (89%). HM seeds vectored a denser and more diverse bacterial community that included Proteobacteria (50%) and Bacteroides (39%). At the genus level, Pedobacter (20%), Sphingomonas (13%), Massilia (12%), Pantoea (12%) and Pseudomonas (11%) were the major genera in the bacterial communities regardless of climate conditions. Massilia, Pantoea and Pseudomonas dominated LM seeds, while Pedobacter and Sphingomonas dominated HM seeds. The species of turf seeds did not appear to influence bacterial community composition. The seeds of the three turf species showed a core microbiome consisting of 27 genera from phyla Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria. Differences in seed-vectored microbes, in terms of diversity and density between high and LM climates, may result from effects of moisture level on the colonization of microbes and the development of microbe community on seed surface tissues (adherent paleas and lemmas). The greater diversity and density of seed vectored microbes in HM climates may benefit seedlings by helping them tolerate stress and fight disease organisms, but this dense microbial community may also compete with seedlings for nutrients, slowing or modulating seed germination and seedling growth. PeerJ Inc. 2020-01-10 /pmc/articles/PMC6956778/ /pubmed/31942261 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8417 Text en © 2020 Chen et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Agricultural Science
Chen, Qiang
Meyer, William A.
Zhang, Qiuwei
White, James F.
16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
title 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
title_full 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
title_fullStr 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
title_full_unstemmed 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
title_short 16S rRNA metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
title_sort 16s rrna metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with turf grass seeds from low moisture and high moisture climates
topic Agricultural Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6956778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31942261
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8417
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