Cargando…
Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis
BACKGROUND: There are different treatments for breast cancer and melanoma that mostly have some side effects. One of the therapeutic strategies is the use of natural components. Phenol components are a class of antioxidants in plants that have many biological functions like anticancer effects. Galli...
Autores principales: | , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6958578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31956296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12935-020-1100-y |
_version_ | 1783487442558386176 |
---|---|
author | Khorsandi, Khatereh Kianmehr, Zahra hosseinmardi, Zohreh Hosseinzadeh, Reza |
author_facet | Khorsandi, Khatereh Kianmehr, Zahra hosseinmardi, Zohreh Hosseinzadeh, Reza |
author_sort | Khorsandi, Khatereh |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: There are different treatments for breast cancer and melanoma that mostly have some side effects. One of the therapeutic strategies is the use of natural components. Phenol components are a class of antioxidants in plants that have many biological functions like anticancer effects. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural polyhydroxy phenolic compound and commonly found in various foods. In the present study, GA effects alone and in combination with low-level laser irradiation on human dermal fibroblast cell line (HDF), human non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A), breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and melanoma cancer cell line (A375) was under the investigation. METHODS: The normal and cancerous cell lines were exposed to 660 nm low-level laser with 3 J/cm(2) for 90 s. Then, the cells were treated with different concentrations of GA for 24 h. In another study, the cell lines firstly were treated with GA and then exposed to low-level laser irradiation. The effects of GA and low-level laser on cell survival and apoptosis were examined using MTT assay, light microscopy, ROS production assay, fluorescence microscopy (AO/EB double staining) and flow cytometry. RESULTS: The results showed that pre-treatment with low-level laser and then GA reduced the survival of breast cancer cells and melanoma more than the first treatment with GA and then low-level laser irradiation. Our findings showed that ROS production in cells treated with both low-level laser and GA was more than the cells treated with GA alone. The apoptosis and ferroptosis assays confirmed the MTT results which combination treatment with low-level laser and then GA increase the cell death probably via apoptosis and ferroptosis cell death mechanisms compared to GA alone. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that low-level laser irradiation alone is not able to cause death in human normal and cancerous cells. Preirradiation followed by GA treatment did not change the cell viability in human normal significantly but reduces the cell survival of cancer cells more than GA alone. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6958578 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69585782020-01-17 Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis Khorsandi, Khatereh Kianmehr, Zahra hosseinmardi, Zohreh Hosseinzadeh, Reza Cancer Cell Int Primary Research BACKGROUND: There are different treatments for breast cancer and melanoma that mostly have some side effects. One of the therapeutic strategies is the use of natural components. Phenol components are a class of antioxidants in plants that have many biological functions like anticancer effects. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural polyhydroxy phenolic compound and commonly found in various foods. In the present study, GA effects alone and in combination with low-level laser irradiation on human dermal fibroblast cell line (HDF), human non-tumorigenic breast epithelial cell line (MCF10A), breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and melanoma cancer cell line (A375) was under the investigation. METHODS: The normal and cancerous cell lines were exposed to 660 nm low-level laser with 3 J/cm(2) for 90 s. Then, the cells were treated with different concentrations of GA for 24 h. In another study, the cell lines firstly were treated with GA and then exposed to low-level laser irradiation. The effects of GA and low-level laser on cell survival and apoptosis were examined using MTT assay, light microscopy, ROS production assay, fluorescence microscopy (AO/EB double staining) and flow cytometry. RESULTS: The results showed that pre-treatment with low-level laser and then GA reduced the survival of breast cancer cells and melanoma more than the first treatment with GA and then low-level laser irradiation. Our findings showed that ROS production in cells treated with both low-level laser and GA was more than the cells treated with GA alone. The apoptosis and ferroptosis assays confirmed the MTT results which combination treatment with low-level laser and then GA increase the cell death probably via apoptosis and ferroptosis cell death mechanisms compared to GA alone. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that low-level laser irradiation alone is not able to cause death in human normal and cancerous cells. Preirradiation followed by GA treatment did not change the cell viability in human normal significantly but reduces the cell survival of cancer cells more than GA alone. BioMed Central 2020-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6958578/ /pubmed/31956296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12935-020-1100-y Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Primary Research Khorsandi, Khatereh Kianmehr, Zahra hosseinmardi, Zohreh Hosseinzadeh, Reza Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
title | Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
title_full | Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
title_fullStr | Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
title_short | Anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ROS production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
title_sort | anti-cancer effect of gallic acid in presence of low level laser irradiation: ros production and induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis |
topic | Primary Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6958578/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31956296 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12935-020-1100-y |
work_keys_str_mv | AT khorsandikhatereh anticancereffectofgallicacidinpresenceoflowlevellaserirradiationrosproductionandinductionofapoptosisandferroptosis AT kianmehrzahra anticancereffectofgallicacidinpresenceoflowlevellaserirradiationrosproductionandinductionofapoptosisandferroptosis AT hosseinmardizohreh anticancereffectofgallicacidinpresenceoflowlevellaserirradiationrosproductionandinductionofapoptosisandferroptosis AT hosseinzadehreza anticancereffectofgallicacidinpresenceoflowlevellaserirradiationrosproductionandinductionofapoptosisandferroptosis |