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The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary

BACKGROUND: Impact of climate change on tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) prevalence in the tick-host enzootic cycle in a given region depends on how the region-specific climate change patterns influence tick population development processes and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) transmission dynamics...

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Autores principales: Nah, Kyeongah, Bede-Fazekas, Ákos, Trájer, Attila János, Wu, Jianhong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6958747/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31931734
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4734-4
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author Nah, Kyeongah
Bede-Fazekas, Ákos
Trájer, Attila János
Wu, Jianhong
author_facet Nah, Kyeongah
Bede-Fazekas, Ákos
Trájer, Attila János
Wu, Jianhong
author_sort Nah, Kyeongah
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Impact of climate change on tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) prevalence in the tick-host enzootic cycle in a given region depends on how the region-specific climate change patterns influence tick population development processes and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) transmission dynamics involving both systemic and co-feeding transmission routes. Predicting the transmission risk of TBEV in the enzootic cycle with projected climate conditions is essential for planning public health interventions including vaccination programs to mitigate the TBE incidence in the inhabitants and travelers. We have previously developed and validated a mathematical model for retroactive analysis of weather fluctuation on TBE prevalence in Hungary, and we aim to show in this research that this model provides an effective tool for projecting TBEV transmission risk in the enzootic cycle. METHODS: Using the established model of TBEV transmission and the climate predictions of the Vas county in western Hungary in 2021-2050 and 2071-2100, we quantify the risk of TBEV transmission using a series of summative indices - the basic reproduction number, the duration of infestation, the stage-specific tick densities, and the accumulated (tick) infections due to co-feeding transmission. We also measure the significance of co-feeding transmission by observing the cumulative number of new transmissions through the non-systemic transmission route. RESULTS: The transmission potential and the risk in the study site are expected to increase along with the increase of the temperature in 2021-2050 and 2071-2100. This increase will be facilitated by the expected extension of the tick questing season and the increase of the numbers of susceptible ticks (larval and nymphal) and the number of infected nymphal ticks co-feeding on the same hosts, leading to compounded increase of infections through the non-systemic transmission. CONCLUSIONS: The developed mathematical model provides an effective tool for predicting TBE prevalence in the tick-host enzootic cycle, by integrating climate projection with emerging knowledge about the region-specific tick ecological and pathogen enzootic processes (through model parametrization fitting to historical data). Model projects increasing co-feeding transmission and prevalence of TBEV in a recognized TBE endemic region, so human risk of TBEV infection is likely increasing unless public health interventions are enhanced.
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spelling pubmed-69587472020-01-17 The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary Nah, Kyeongah Bede-Fazekas, Ákos Trájer, Attila János Wu, Jianhong BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Impact of climate change on tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) prevalence in the tick-host enzootic cycle in a given region depends on how the region-specific climate change patterns influence tick population development processes and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) transmission dynamics involving both systemic and co-feeding transmission routes. Predicting the transmission risk of TBEV in the enzootic cycle with projected climate conditions is essential for planning public health interventions including vaccination programs to mitigate the TBE incidence in the inhabitants and travelers. We have previously developed and validated a mathematical model for retroactive analysis of weather fluctuation on TBE prevalence in Hungary, and we aim to show in this research that this model provides an effective tool for projecting TBEV transmission risk in the enzootic cycle. METHODS: Using the established model of TBEV transmission and the climate predictions of the Vas county in western Hungary in 2021-2050 and 2071-2100, we quantify the risk of TBEV transmission using a series of summative indices - the basic reproduction number, the duration of infestation, the stage-specific tick densities, and the accumulated (tick) infections due to co-feeding transmission. We also measure the significance of co-feeding transmission by observing the cumulative number of new transmissions through the non-systemic transmission route. RESULTS: The transmission potential and the risk in the study site are expected to increase along with the increase of the temperature in 2021-2050 and 2071-2100. This increase will be facilitated by the expected extension of the tick questing season and the increase of the numbers of susceptible ticks (larval and nymphal) and the number of infected nymphal ticks co-feeding on the same hosts, leading to compounded increase of infections through the non-systemic transmission. CONCLUSIONS: The developed mathematical model provides an effective tool for predicting TBE prevalence in the tick-host enzootic cycle, by integrating climate projection with emerging knowledge about the region-specific tick ecological and pathogen enzootic processes (through model parametrization fitting to historical data). Model projects increasing co-feeding transmission and prevalence of TBEV in a recognized TBE endemic region, so human risk of TBEV infection is likely increasing unless public health interventions are enhanced. BioMed Central 2020-01-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6958747/ /pubmed/31931734 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4734-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver(http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nah, Kyeongah
Bede-Fazekas, Ákos
Trájer, Attila János
Wu, Jianhong
The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary
title The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary
title_full The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary
title_fullStr The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary
title_full_unstemmed The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary
title_short The potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in Hungary
title_sort potential impact of climate change on the transmission risk of tick-borne encephalitis in hungary
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6958747/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31931734
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4734-4
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