Multimodality Imaging of Anti-Contactin-Associated Protein-Like 2 Antibody-Induced Nonparaneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis: Complementary Role of Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Autoimmune limbic encephalitis (AE) is an autoimmune-mediated inflammation typically affecting the medial temporal lobes and other limbic structures (cingulate gyrus, orbital cortex, and hypothalamus). It can be associated with underlying malignancy as a paraneoplastic syndrome. Nonparaneoplastic AE is a difficult disease to diagnose and often requires the collaboration of multiple modalities for effective diagnosis and treatment. We describe an interesting case of contactin-associated protein-like 2 antibody-associated nonparaneoplastic limbic encephalitis on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.