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Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration?
Background: Recent data suggested that the osmolal gap attributed to ethanol as determined by the difference between measured serum osmolality and calculated serum osmolarity is greater than its molar concentration. The increased osmotic activity of ethanol is thought to be due to its binding to wat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6960184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31970159 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00306 |
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author | Nguyen, Minhtri K. Song, Lu Kao, Liyo Tong, Kevin De La Cruz, Maria J. Rodriguez, Giancarlo Nguyen, Minh-Kevin Nguyen, Dai-Scott Kurtz, Ira |
author_facet | Nguyen, Minhtri K. Song, Lu Kao, Liyo Tong, Kevin De La Cruz, Maria J. Rodriguez, Giancarlo Nguyen, Minh-Kevin Nguyen, Dai-Scott Kurtz, Ira |
author_sort | Nguyen, Minhtri K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Recent data suggested that the osmolal gap attributed to ethanol as determined by the difference between measured serum osmolality and calculated serum osmolarity is greater than its molar concentration. The increased osmotic activity of ethanol is thought to be due to its binding to water molecules. This study is conducted to determine the true osmotic contribution of ethanol to serum osmolality. Methods: Baseline serum osmolality and ethanol concentration were measured on each serum sample. Varying amounts of ethanol were added to aliquots of serum in which the baseline serum ethanol concentration was undetectable. Repeat serum osmolality and serum ethanol concentration were measured after addition of ethanol. Results: The range of serum ethanol concentration was 27.3–429.8 mg/dL. The serum osmolal gap attributed solely to ethanol is calculated based on the difference between measured serum osmolality before and measured serum osmolality after addition of ethanol. Our results demonstrated that the contribution of ethanol to serum osmolality can be calculated by dividing the serum ethanol level in mg/dl by 4.6. In addition, the relationship between serum ethanol concentration and osmolal gap due to ethanol was assessed by linear regression analysis. Linear regression analysis relating the osmolal gap due to ethanol and ethanol concentration yielded the following equation: Osmolal Gap (mOsm/kg H(2)O) = 0.23 (Ethanol [mg/dL]) – 1.43. Conclusion: The osmolal concentration of ethanol can be calculated based on its molar concentration. We found no evidence for ethanol binding to water molecules over the range of ethanol concentration in this study. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6960184 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69601842020-01-22 Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? Nguyen, Minhtri K. Song, Lu Kao, Liyo Tong, Kevin De La Cruz, Maria J. Rodriguez, Giancarlo Nguyen, Minh-Kevin Nguyen, Dai-Scott Kurtz, Ira Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Background: Recent data suggested that the osmolal gap attributed to ethanol as determined by the difference between measured serum osmolality and calculated serum osmolarity is greater than its molar concentration. The increased osmotic activity of ethanol is thought to be due to its binding to water molecules. This study is conducted to determine the true osmotic contribution of ethanol to serum osmolality. Methods: Baseline serum osmolality and ethanol concentration were measured on each serum sample. Varying amounts of ethanol were added to aliquots of serum in which the baseline serum ethanol concentration was undetectable. Repeat serum osmolality and serum ethanol concentration were measured after addition of ethanol. Results: The range of serum ethanol concentration was 27.3–429.8 mg/dL. The serum osmolal gap attributed solely to ethanol is calculated based on the difference between measured serum osmolality before and measured serum osmolality after addition of ethanol. Our results demonstrated that the contribution of ethanol to serum osmolality can be calculated by dividing the serum ethanol level in mg/dl by 4.6. In addition, the relationship between serum ethanol concentration and osmolal gap due to ethanol was assessed by linear regression analysis. Linear regression analysis relating the osmolal gap due to ethanol and ethanol concentration yielded the following equation: Osmolal Gap (mOsm/kg H(2)O) = 0.23 (Ethanol [mg/dL]) – 1.43. Conclusion: The osmolal concentration of ethanol can be calculated based on its molar concentration. We found no evidence for ethanol binding to water molecules over the range of ethanol concentration in this study. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-01-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6960184/ /pubmed/31970159 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00306 Text en Copyright © 2020 Nguyen, Song, Kao, Tong, De La Cruz, Rodriguez, Nguyen, Nguyen and Kurtz. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Medicine Nguyen, Minhtri K. Song, Lu Kao, Liyo Tong, Kevin De La Cruz, Maria J. Rodriguez, Giancarlo Nguyen, Minh-Kevin Nguyen, Dai-Scott Kurtz, Ira Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? |
title | Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? |
title_full | Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? |
title_fullStr | Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? |
title_full_unstemmed | Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? |
title_short | Is the Osmolal Concentration of Ethanol Greater Than Its Molar Concentration? |
title_sort | is the osmolal concentration of ethanol greater than its molar concentration? |
topic | Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6960184/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31970159 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00306 |
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