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Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †

Soil moisture is one of the most important soil parameters. Knowledge of volumetric water content (VWC) of the root zone as well as the VWC dynamics in the soil profile is especially important for agriculture. Monitoring VWC at several depths in the soil profile can be performed using several soil m...

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Autores principales: Kafarski, Marcin, Majcher, Jacek, Wilczek, Andrzej, Szyplowska, Agnieszka, Lewandowski, Arkadiusz, Zackiewicz, Alicja, Skierucha, Wojciech
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6960620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31842428
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245485
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author Kafarski, Marcin
Majcher, Jacek
Wilczek, Andrzej
Szyplowska, Agnieszka
Lewandowski, Arkadiusz
Zackiewicz, Alicja
Skierucha, Wojciech
author_facet Kafarski, Marcin
Majcher, Jacek
Wilczek, Andrzej
Szyplowska, Agnieszka
Lewandowski, Arkadiusz
Zackiewicz, Alicja
Skierucha, Wojciech
author_sort Kafarski, Marcin
collection PubMed
description Soil moisture is one of the most important soil parameters. Knowledge of volumetric water content (VWC) of the root zone as well as the VWC dynamics in the soil profile is especially important for agriculture. Monitoring VWC at several depths in the soil profile can be performed using several soil moisture sensors placed at various depths. However, the use of a profile probe is more convenient, because the installation of a single probe is less disturbing to the soil, as well as less laborious and more cost-effective. The objective of the paper is to present the design and performance of a novel profile probe working in the time-domain transmission mode (P-TDT probe) with emphasis put on the penetration depth and sensitivity zone. The performance of the probe was assessed with the use of finite element method (FEM) simulations in the frequency domain, transient simulations in the time domain and laboratory experiments with the use of a vector network analyzer (VNA) working in the 10 MHz–10 GHz frequency range. It was concluded that the effective soil volume measured by the profile probe of a given geometry is equivalent to a soil thickness of about 20 mm around the tested probe. The internal part of the probe body had a negligible effect on the measurement results, as it does not change with soil moisture. Moreover, the transmitted signal amplitude was related to the soil electrical conductivity.
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spelling pubmed-69606202020-01-23 Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode † Kafarski, Marcin Majcher, Jacek Wilczek, Andrzej Szyplowska, Agnieszka Lewandowski, Arkadiusz Zackiewicz, Alicja Skierucha, Wojciech Sensors (Basel) Article Soil moisture is one of the most important soil parameters. Knowledge of volumetric water content (VWC) of the root zone as well as the VWC dynamics in the soil profile is especially important for agriculture. Monitoring VWC at several depths in the soil profile can be performed using several soil moisture sensors placed at various depths. However, the use of a profile probe is more convenient, because the installation of a single probe is less disturbing to the soil, as well as less laborious and more cost-effective. The objective of the paper is to present the design and performance of a novel profile probe working in the time-domain transmission mode (P-TDT probe) with emphasis put on the penetration depth and sensitivity zone. The performance of the probe was assessed with the use of finite element method (FEM) simulations in the frequency domain, transient simulations in the time domain and laboratory experiments with the use of a vector network analyzer (VNA) working in the 10 MHz–10 GHz frequency range. It was concluded that the effective soil volume measured by the profile probe of a given geometry is equivalent to a soil thickness of about 20 mm around the tested probe. The internal part of the probe body had a negligible effect on the measurement results, as it does not change with soil moisture. Moreover, the transmitted signal amplitude was related to the soil electrical conductivity. MDPI 2019-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6960620/ /pubmed/31842428 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245485 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kafarski, Marcin
Majcher, Jacek
Wilczek, Andrzej
Szyplowska, Agnieszka
Lewandowski, Arkadiusz
Zackiewicz, Alicja
Skierucha, Wojciech
Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †
title Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †
title_full Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †
title_fullStr Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †
title_full_unstemmed Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †
title_short Penetration Depth of a Soil Moisture Profile Probe Working in Time-Domain Transmission Mode †
title_sort penetration depth of a soil moisture profile probe working in time-domain transmission mode †
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6960620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31842428
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245485
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