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Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area

The photoperiod-insensitivity allele e1 is known to be essential for the extremely low photoperiod sensitivity of rice, and thereby enabled rice cultivation in high latitudes (42–53° north (N)). The E1 locus regulating photoperiod-sensitivity was identified on chromosome 7 using a cross between T65...

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Autores principales: Saito, Hiroki, Okumoto, Yutaka, Tsukiyama, Takuji, Xu, Chong, Teraishi, Masayoshi, Tanisaka, Takatoshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6963527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8120550
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author Saito, Hiroki
Okumoto, Yutaka
Tsukiyama, Takuji
Xu, Chong
Teraishi, Masayoshi
Tanisaka, Takatoshi
author_facet Saito, Hiroki
Okumoto, Yutaka
Tsukiyama, Takuji
Xu, Chong
Teraishi, Masayoshi
Tanisaka, Takatoshi
author_sort Saito, Hiroki
collection PubMed
description The photoperiod-insensitivity allele e1 is known to be essential for the extremely low photoperiod sensitivity of rice, and thereby enabled rice cultivation in high latitudes (42–53° north (N)). The E1 locus regulating photoperiod-sensitivity was identified on chromosome 7 using a cross between T65 and its near-isogenic line T65w. Sequence analyses confirmed that the E1 and the Ghd7 are the same locus, and haplotype analysis showed that the e1/ghd7-0a is a pioneer allele that enabled rice production in Hokkaido (42–45° N). Further, we detected two novel alleles, e1-ret/ghd7-0ret and E1-r/Ghd7-r, each harboring mutations in the promoter region. These mutant alleles alter the respective expression profiles, leading to marked alteration of flowering time. Moreover, e1-ret/ghd7-0ret, as well as e1/ghd7-0a, was found to have contributed to the establishment of Hokkaido varieties through the marked reduction effect on photoperiod sensitivity, whereas E1-r/Ghd7-r showed a higher expression than the E1/Ghd7 due to the nucleotide substitutions in the cis elements. The haplotype analysis showed that two photoperiod-insensitivity alleles e1/ghd7-0a and e1-ret/ghd7-0ret, originated independently from two sources. These results indicate that naturally occurring allelic variation at the E1/Ghd7 locus allowed expansion of the rice cultivation area through diversification and fine-tuning of flowering time.
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spelling pubmed-69635272020-01-30 Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area Saito, Hiroki Okumoto, Yutaka Tsukiyama, Takuji Xu, Chong Teraishi, Masayoshi Tanisaka, Takatoshi Plants (Basel) Article The photoperiod-insensitivity allele e1 is known to be essential for the extremely low photoperiod sensitivity of rice, and thereby enabled rice cultivation in high latitudes (42–53° north (N)). The E1 locus regulating photoperiod-sensitivity was identified on chromosome 7 using a cross between T65 and its near-isogenic line T65w. Sequence analyses confirmed that the E1 and the Ghd7 are the same locus, and haplotype analysis showed that the e1/ghd7-0a is a pioneer allele that enabled rice production in Hokkaido (42–45° N). Further, we detected two novel alleles, e1-ret/ghd7-0ret and E1-r/Ghd7-r, each harboring mutations in the promoter region. These mutant alleles alter the respective expression profiles, leading to marked alteration of flowering time. Moreover, e1-ret/ghd7-0ret, as well as e1/ghd7-0a, was found to have contributed to the establishment of Hokkaido varieties through the marked reduction effect on photoperiod sensitivity, whereas E1-r/Ghd7-r showed a higher expression than the E1/Ghd7 due to the nucleotide substitutions in the cis elements. The haplotype analysis showed that two photoperiod-insensitivity alleles e1/ghd7-0a and e1-ret/ghd7-0ret, originated independently from two sources. These results indicate that naturally occurring allelic variation at the E1/Ghd7 locus allowed expansion of the rice cultivation area through diversification and fine-tuning of flowering time. MDPI 2019-11-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6963527/ /pubmed/31795099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8120550 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Saito, Hiroki
Okumoto, Yutaka
Tsukiyama, Takuji
Xu, Chong
Teraishi, Masayoshi
Tanisaka, Takatoshi
Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area
title Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area
title_full Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area
title_fullStr Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area
title_full_unstemmed Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area
title_short Allelic Differentiation at the E1/Ghd7 Locus Has Allowed Expansion of Rice Cultivation Area
title_sort allelic differentiation at the e1/ghd7 locus has allowed expansion of rice cultivation area
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6963527/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31795099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8120550
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