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Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin
Huánglóngbìng (HLB), citrus greening, is one of the most destructive diseases of citrus plants worldwide. In North America, HLB is caused by the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. No cure exists at present, and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6963813/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31842435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040262 |
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author | Killiny, Nabil Gonzalez-Blanco, Pedro Santos-Ortega, Yulica Al-Rimawi, Fuad Levy, Amit Hijaz, Faraj Albrecht, Ute Batuman, Ozgur |
author_facet | Killiny, Nabil Gonzalez-Blanco, Pedro Santos-Ortega, Yulica Al-Rimawi, Fuad Levy, Amit Hijaz, Faraj Albrecht, Ute Batuman, Ozgur |
author_sort | Killiny, Nabil |
collection | PubMed |
description | Huánglóngbìng (HLB), citrus greening, is one of the most destructive diseases of citrus plants worldwide. In North America, HLB is caused by the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. No cure exists at present, and the use of antibiotics for the control of HLB has gained interest due to the significant losses to the citrus industry. Because of unsatisfactory results when using foliar applications of antibiotics, concerns were raised regarding the uptake and translocation of these materials within trees. We, therefore, investigated a method that allows us to study the movement of antibiotic materials in citrus plants. Herein, we utilized a fluorescence-labeled penicillin, BOCILLIN™ FL-Penicillin (FL-penicillin), to study the uptake and translocation of penicillin in citrus plants. FL-penicillin was applied by puncture to the stem of young citrus seedlings and was traced by using fluorescence microscopy. After application, we detected FL-penicillin in the leaves and in the stem xylem and phloem tissues above and below the application site in both intact and partially bark-girdled citrus seedlings, indicating that it is easily taken up and transported through the plant vascular system. In addition, we detected FL-penicillin in the gut of D. citri, which were allowed to feed on the treated plants, suggesting translocation of this molecule into the vascular tissue. We propose that the use of fluorescent-labeled molecules could be an effective tool for understanding the uptake and translocation of antibiotics and other macromolecules in plants and insects. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6963813 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69638132020-01-27 Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin Killiny, Nabil Gonzalez-Blanco, Pedro Santos-Ortega, Yulica Al-Rimawi, Fuad Levy, Amit Hijaz, Faraj Albrecht, Ute Batuman, Ozgur Antibiotics (Basel) Article Huánglóngbìng (HLB), citrus greening, is one of the most destructive diseases of citrus plants worldwide. In North America, HLB is caused by the phloem-limited bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. No cure exists at present, and the use of antibiotics for the control of HLB has gained interest due to the significant losses to the citrus industry. Because of unsatisfactory results when using foliar applications of antibiotics, concerns were raised regarding the uptake and translocation of these materials within trees. We, therefore, investigated a method that allows us to study the movement of antibiotic materials in citrus plants. Herein, we utilized a fluorescence-labeled penicillin, BOCILLIN™ FL-Penicillin (FL-penicillin), to study the uptake and translocation of penicillin in citrus plants. FL-penicillin was applied by puncture to the stem of young citrus seedlings and was traced by using fluorescence microscopy. After application, we detected FL-penicillin in the leaves and in the stem xylem and phloem tissues above and below the application site in both intact and partially bark-girdled citrus seedlings, indicating that it is easily taken up and transported through the plant vascular system. In addition, we detected FL-penicillin in the gut of D. citri, which were allowed to feed on the treated plants, suggesting translocation of this molecule into the vascular tissue. We propose that the use of fluorescent-labeled molecules could be an effective tool for understanding the uptake and translocation of antibiotics and other macromolecules in plants and insects. MDPI 2019-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6963813/ /pubmed/31842435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040262 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Killiny, Nabil Gonzalez-Blanco, Pedro Santos-Ortega, Yulica Al-Rimawi, Fuad Levy, Amit Hijaz, Faraj Albrecht, Ute Batuman, Ozgur Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin |
title | Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin |
title_full | Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin |
title_fullStr | Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin |
title_full_unstemmed | Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin |
title_short | Tracing Penicillin Movement in Citrus Plants Using Fluorescence-Labeled Penicillin |
title_sort | tracing penicillin movement in citrus plants using fluorescence-labeled penicillin |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6963813/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31842435 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040262 |
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