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Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal
BACKGROUND: Infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains pose a serious management challenge with a public health threat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective study of patients who were infected with Acinetobacter s...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
International Nepal Epidemiological Association
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31970015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v9i4.26962 |
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author | Baral, Shankar Pokharel, Anjila Subramanya, Supram Hosuru Nayak, Niranjan |
author_facet | Baral, Shankar Pokharel, Anjila Subramanya, Supram Hosuru Nayak, Niranjan |
author_sort | Baral, Shankar |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains pose a serious management challenge with a public health threat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective study of patients who were infected with Acinetobacter spp or Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out at Manipal Teaching Hospital from 2014 to 2016. RESULTS: A total of 170 cases of infections with Acinetobacter spp. and 313 cases with Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied. The rate of nosocomial infections was higher than non-nosocomial infections. ICU was found as the major hub for both the organisms; (53.5% of cases due to Acinetobacter spp. and 39.6% due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Most isolates were of respiratory tract origin (Acinetobacter 74.7% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 65.8%). Percentage resistance of Acinetobacter spp. towards polymyxin B was found to be quite low (18.8%). Similarly, resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against amikacin were also found to be low, i.e., 17.4%. A higher prevalence of multidrug resistance was seen among Acinetobacter spp than among Pseudomonas aeruginosa (75.9% vs. 60.1%). The hospital stay was longer for patients infected with MDR isolate (p=0.001 for Acinetobacter spp. and p=0.003 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The mortality rate was higher in infections due to Acinetobacter spp (15.9%) as compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.3%). CONCLUSION: This study reveals that infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with prolonged hospital stay and high in-hospital mortality. These emphasize the need for prudent use of antibiotics and aggressive infection control strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6964802 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | International Nepal Epidemiological Association |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69648022020-01-31 Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal Baral, Shankar Pokharel, Anjila Subramanya, Supram Hosuru Nayak, Niranjan Nepal J Epidemiol Research Article BACKGROUND: Infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains pose a serious management challenge with a public health threat. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective study of patients who were infected with Acinetobacter spp or Pseudomonas aeruginosa was carried out at Manipal Teaching Hospital from 2014 to 2016. RESULTS: A total of 170 cases of infections with Acinetobacter spp. and 313 cases with Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied. The rate of nosocomial infections was higher than non-nosocomial infections. ICU was found as the major hub for both the organisms; (53.5% of cases due to Acinetobacter spp. and 39.6% due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Most isolates were of respiratory tract origin (Acinetobacter 74.7% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 65.8%). Percentage resistance of Acinetobacter spp. towards polymyxin B was found to be quite low (18.8%). Similarly, resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa against amikacin were also found to be low, i.e., 17.4%. A higher prevalence of multidrug resistance was seen among Acinetobacter spp than among Pseudomonas aeruginosa (75.9% vs. 60.1%). The hospital stay was longer for patients infected with MDR isolate (p=0.001 for Acinetobacter spp. and p=0.003 for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The mortality rate was higher in infections due to Acinetobacter spp (15.9%) as compared to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.3%). CONCLUSION: This study reveals that infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with prolonged hospital stay and high in-hospital mortality. These emphasize the need for prudent use of antibiotics and aggressive infection control strategies. International Nepal Epidemiological Association 2019-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6964802/ /pubmed/31970015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v9i4.26962 Text en © 2019 CEA& INEA http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Baral, Shankar Pokharel, Anjila Subramanya, Supram Hosuru Nayak, Niranjan Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal |
title | Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal |
title_full | Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal |
title_fullStr | Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal |
title_short | Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal |
title_sort | clinico-epidemiological profile of acinetobacter and pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic-resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, western nepal |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964802/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31970015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v9i4.26962 |
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