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Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications
Age structure in most developed countries is changing fast as the average lifespan is increasing significantly, calling for solutions to provide improved treatments for age-related neurological diseases and disorders. In order to address these problems, a reliable way of recording information about...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer US
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6968979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31520316 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-01767-7 |
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author | Sainio, Sami Leppänen, Elli Mynttinen, Elsi Palomäki, Tommi Wester, Niklas Etula, Jarkko Isoaho, Noora Peltola, Emilia Koehne, Jessica Meyyappan, M. Koskinen, Jari Laurila, Tomi |
author_facet | Sainio, Sami Leppänen, Elli Mynttinen, Elsi Palomäki, Tommi Wester, Niklas Etula, Jarkko Isoaho, Noora Peltola, Emilia Koehne, Jessica Meyyappan, M. Koskinen, Jari Laurila, Tomi |
author_sort | Sainio, Sami |
collection | PubMed |
description | Age structure in most developed countries is changing fast as the average lifespan is increasing significantly, calling for solutions to provide improved treatments for age-related neurological diseases and disorders. In order to address these problems, a reliable way of recording information about neurotransmitters from in vitro and in vivo applications is needed to better understand neurological diseases and disorders as well as currently used treatments. Likewise, recent developments in medicine, especially with the opioid crisis, are demanding a swift move to personalized medicine to administer patient needs rather than population-wide averages. In order to enable the so-called personalized medicine, it is necessary to be able to do measurements in vivo and in real time. These actions require sensitive and selective detection of different analytes from very demanding environments. Current state-of-the-art materials are unable to provide sensitive and selective detection of neurotransmitters as well as the required time resolution needed for drug molecules at a reasonable cost. To meet these challenges, we have utilized different metals to grow carbon nanomaterials and applied them for sensing applications showing that there are clear differences in their electrochemical properties based on the selected catalyst metal. Additionally, we have combined atomistic simulations to support optimizing materials for experiments and to gain further understanding of the atomistic level reactions between different analytes and the sensor surface. With carbon nanostructures grown from Ni and Al + Co + Fe hybrid, we can detect dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid simultaneously. On the other hand, nanostructures grown from platinum provide a feasible platform for detection of H(2)O(2) making them suitable candidates for enzymatic biosensors for detection of glutamate, for example. Tetrahedral amorphous carbon electrodes have an ability to detect morphine, paracetamol, tramadol, and O-desmethyltramadol. With carbon nanomaterial-based sensors, it is possible to reach metal-like properties in sensing applications using only a fraction of the metal as seed for the material growth. We have also seen that by using nanodiamonds as growth catalyst for carbon nanofibers, it is not possible to detect dopamine and ascorbic acid simultaneously, although the morphology of the resulting nanofibers is similar to the ones grown using Ni. This further indicates the importance of the metal selection for specific applications. However, Ni as a continuous layer or as separate islands does not provide adequate performance. Thus, it appears that metal nanoparticles combined with fiber-like morphology are needed for optimized sensor performance for neurotransmitter detection. This opens up a new research approach of application-specific nanomaterials, where carefully selected metals are integrated with carbon nanomaterials to match the needs of the sensing application in question. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6968979 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Springer US |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69689792020-01-30 Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications Sainio, Sami Leppänen, Elli Mynttinen, Elsi Palomäki, Tommi Wester, Niklas Etula, Jarkko Isoaho, Noora Peltola, Emilia Koehne, Jessica Meyyappan, M. Koskinen, Jari Laurila, Tomi Mol Neurobiol Article Age structure in most developed countries is changing fast as the average lifespan is increasing significantly, calling for solutions to provide improved treatments for age-related neurological diseases and disorders. In order to address these problems, a reliable way of recording information about neurotransmitters from in vitro and in vivo applications is needed to better understand neurological diseases and disorders as well as currently used treatments. Likewise, recent developments in medicine, especially with the opioid crisis, are demanding a swift move to personalized medicine to administer patient needs rather than population-wide averages. In order to enable the so-called personalized medicine, it is necessary to be able to do measurements in vivo and in real time. These actions require sensitive and selective detection of different analytes from very demanding environments. Current state-of-the-art materials are unable to provide sensitive and selective detection of neurotransmitters as well as the required time resolution needed for drug molecules at a reasonable cost. To meet these challenges, we have utilized different metals to grow carbon nanomaterials and applied them for sensing applications showing that there are clear differences in their electrochemical properties based on the selected catalyst metal. Additionally, we have combined atomistic simulations to support optimizing materials for experiments and to gain further understanding of the atomistic level reactions between different analytes and the sensor surface. With carbon nanostructures grown from Ni and Al + Co + Fe hybrid, we can detect dopamine, ascorbic acid, and uric acid simultaneously. On the other hand, nanostructures grown from platinum provide a feasible platform for detection of H(2)O(2) making them suitable candidates for enzymatic biosensors for detection of glutamate, for example. Tetrahedral amorphous carbon electrodes have an ability to detect morphine, paracetamol, tramadol, and O-desmethyltramadol. With carbon nanomaterial-based sensors, it is possible to reach metal-like properties in sensing applications using only a fraction of the metal as seed for the material growth. We have also seen that by using nanodiamonds as growth catalyst for carbon nanofibers, it is not possible to detect dopamine and ascorbic acid simultaneously, although the morphology of the resulting nanofibers is similar to the ones grown using Ni. This further indicates the importance of the metal selection for specific applications. However, Ni as a continuous layer or as separate islands does not provide adequate performance. Thus, it appears that metal nanoparticles combined with fiber-like morphology are needed for optimized sensor performance for neurotransmitter detection. This opens up a new research approach of application-specific nanomaterials, where carefully selected metals are integrated with carbon nanomaterials to match the needs of the sensing application in question. Springer US 2019-09-14 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC6968979/ /pubmed/31520316 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-01767-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
spellingShingle | Article Sainio, Sami Leppänen, Elli Mynttinen, Elsi Palomäki, Tommi Wester, Niklas Etula, Jarkko Isoaho, Noora Peltola, Emilia Koehne, Jessica Meyyappan, M. Koskinen, Jari Laurila, Tomi Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications |
title | Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications |
title_full | Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications |
title_fullStr | Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications |
title_full_unstemmed | Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications |
title_short | Integrating Carbon Nanomaterials with Metals for Bio-sensing Applications |
title_sort | integrating carbon nanomaterials with metals for bio-sensing applications |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6968979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31520316 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-019-01767-7 |
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