Magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of Wallerian degeneration of bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles after pontine infarction

We aimed to present a case of symmetrical Wallerian degeneration (WD) in the middle cerebellar peduncles (MCPs) after a unilateral paramedian pontine infarction, which was examined by multimodality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, we summarize the small number of reported cases. In our clinic, we observed a case of symmetrical WD of bilateral MCPs that occurred 6 months after the onset of a pontine infarction. We searched the Wanfang (Chinese) and PubMed databases and found 23 reported cases of this condition with characteristic similar to our patient. From the 24 cases, the detection time of WD ranged from 3 to 33 weeks. Symmetrical WD in the bilateral MCPs can occur after unilateral paramedian pontine infarction. Most cases were in Stages 2 and 3 of the disease and showed good clinical prognoses.