Cargando…

Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BACKGROUND: Mental disorder is a global burden that affects all groups of people. Young people, particularly college/university students, are more vulnerable to common mental disorders than the general population. Thus, students may use khat to gain immediate relief from their psychological distress...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mekuriaw, Birhanie, Zegeye, Abriham, Molla, Alemayehu, Hussen, Robel, Yimer, Solomon, Belayneh, Zelalem
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6969648/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31970194
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1462141
_version_ 1783489355406376960
author Mekuriaw, Birhanie
Zegeye, Abriham
Molla, Alemayehu
Hussen, Robel
Yimer, Solomon
Belayneh, Zelalem
author_facet Mekuriaw, Birhanie
Zegeye, Abriham
Molla, Alemayehu
Hussen, Robel
Yimer, Solomon
Belayneh, Zelalem
author_sort Mekuriaw, Birhanie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Mental disorder is a global burden that affects all groups of people. Young people, particularly college/university students, are more vulnerable to common mental disorders than the general population. Thus, students may use khat to gain immediate relief from their psychological distress which may worsen again after longer time of chewing. In Ethiopia, there are studies showing discrepant and inconsistent results of common mental disorder among college/university students. Therefore, this review sought to determine the prevalence of common mental disorder and its association with khat chewing among Ethiopian college/university students. METHODS: Different kinds of literature were searched from the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and PsycINFO. A total of 10 primary studies which report the prevalence of common mental disorder among Ethiopian college/university students were included in the review. The data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format prepared in Microsoft Excel. STATA version 14 statistical software was used for analysis. Cochran's Q test statistics and I(2) test were used to assess heterogeneity. A random effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of common mental disorder due to the variability of the studies. Lastly, the association between common mental disorder and khat chewing was conducted. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of common mental disorder among Ethiopian college/university students was 37.73% (95% CI: 30.43, 45.03). The subgroup analysis showed the highest [51.9% (95% CI: 30.19, 73.70)] and lowest [33.28% (95% CI: 19.95, 46.60)] prevalences of common mental disorder among Ethiopian college/university students found in Amhara and South Nation Nationality and People regions, respectively. The pooled effect (odds ratio) of khat chewing on common mental disorder was 2.01 (95% CI: 1.38, 2.95). CONCLUSIONS: In our review, it is found that more than one-third of college/university students suffered from common mental disorder. Khat chewers were found to be twofolds more vulnerable to develop common mental disorder than nonchewers.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6969648
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Hindawi
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-69696482020-01-22 Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Mekuriaw, Birhanie Zegeye, Abriham Molla, Alemayehu Hussen, Robel Yimer, Solomon Belayneh, Zelalem Psychiatry J Review Article BACKGROUND: Mental disorder is a global burden that affects all groups of people. Young people, particularly college/university students, are more vulnerable to common mental disorders than the general population. Thus, students may use khat to gain immediate relief from their psychological distress which may worsen again after longer time of chewing. In Ethiopia, there are studies showing discrepant and inconsistent results of common mental disorder among college/university students. Therefore, this review sought to determine the prevalence of common mental disorder and its association with khat chewing among Ethiopian college/university students. METHODS: Different kinds of literature were searched from the databases of Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, and PsycINFO. A total of 10 primary studies which report the prevalence of common mental disorder among Ethiopian college/university students were included in the review. The data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format prepared in Microsoft Excel. STATA version 14 statistical software was used for analysis. Cochran's Q test statistics and I(2) test were used to assess heterogeneity. A random effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of common mental disorder due to the variability of the studies. Lastly, the association between common mental disorder and khat chewing was conducted. RESULTS: The pooled prevalence of common mental disorder among Ethiopian college/university students was 37.73% (95% CI: 30.43, 45.03). The subgroup analysis showed the highest [51.9% (95% CI: 30.19, 73.70)] and lowest [33.28% (95% CI: 19.95, 46.60)] prevalences of common mental disorder among Ethiopian college/university students found in Amhara and South Nation Nationality and People regions, respectively. The pooled effect (odds ratio) of khat chewing on common mental disorder was 2.01 (95% CI: 1.38, 2.95). CONCLUSIONS: In our review, it is found that more than one-third of college/university students suffered from common mental disorder. Khat chewers were found to be twofolds more vulnerable to develop common mental disorder than nonchewers. Hindawi 2020-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6969648/ /pubmed/31970194 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1462141 Text en Copyright © 2020 Birhanie Mekuriaw et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Mekuriaw, Birhanie
Zegeye, Abriham
Molla, Alemayehu
Hussen, Robel
Yimer, Solomon
Belayneh, Zelalem
Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_short Prevalence of Common Mental Disorder and Its Association with Khat Chewing among Ethiopian College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
title_sort prevalence of common mental disorder and its association with khat chewing among ethiopian college students: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6969648/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31970194
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1462141
work_keys_str_mv AT mekuriawbirhanie prevalenceofcommonmentaldisorderanditsassociationwithkhatchewingamongethiopiancollegestudentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT zegeyeabriham prevalenceofcommonmentaldisorderanditsassociationwithkhatchewingamongethiopiancollegestudentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT mollaalemayehu prevalenceofcommonmentaldisorderanditsassociationwithkhatchewingamongethiopiancollegestudentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT hussenrobel prevalenceofcommonmentaldisorderanditsassociationwithkhatchewingamongethiopiancollegestudentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT yimersolomon prevalenceofcommonmentaldisorderanditsassociationwithkhatchewingamongethiopiancollegestudentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis
AT belaynehzelalem prevalenceofcommonmentaldisorderanditsassociationwithkhatchewingamongethiopiancollegestudentsasystematicreviewandmetaanalysis