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Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?

Elite athlete status is a partially heritable trait, as are many of the underpinning physiological, anthropometrical, and psychological traits that contribute to elite performance. In recent years, our understanding of the specific genetic variants that contribute to these traits has grown, such tha...

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Autores principales: Pickering, Craig, Kiely, John, Grgic, Jozo, Lucia, Alejandro, Del Coso, Juan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6969917/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31779250
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120972
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author Pickering, Craig
Kiely, John
Grgic, Jozo
Lucia, Alejandro
Del Coso, Juan
author_facet Pickering, Craig
Kiely, John
Grgic, Jozo
Lucia, Alejandro
Del Coso, Juan
author_sort Pickering, Craig
collection PubMed
description Elite athlete status is a partially heritable trait, as are many of the underpinning physiological, anthropometrical, and psychological traits that contribute to elite performance. In recent years, our understanding of the specific genetic variants that contribute to these traits has grown, such that there is considerable interest in attempting to utilise genetic information as a tool to predict future elite athlete status. In this review, we explore the extent of the genetic influence on the making of a sporting champion and we describe issues which, at present, hamper the utility of genetic testing in identifying future elite performers. We build on this by exploring what further knowledge is required to enhance this process, including a reflection on the potential learnings from the use of genetics as a disease prediction tool. Finally, we discuss ways in which genetic information may hold utility within elite sport in the future, including guiding nutritional and training recommendations, and assisting in the prevention of injury. Whilst genetic testing has the potential to assist in the identification of future talented performers, genetic tests should be combined with other tools to obtain an accurate identification of those athletes predisposed to succeed in sport. The use of total genotype scores, composed of a high number of performance-enhancing polymorphisms, will likely be one of the best strategies in the utilisation of genetic information to identify talent in sport.
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spelling pubmed-69699172020-02-04 Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport? Pickering, Craig Kiely, John Grgic, Jozo Lucia, Alejandro Del Coso, Juan Genes (Basel) Review Elite athlete status is a partially heritable trait, as are many of the underpinning physiological, anthropometrical, and psychological traits that contribute to elite performance. In recent years, our understanding of the specific genetic variants that contribute to these traits has grown, such that there is considerable interest in attempting to utilise genetic information as a tool to predict future elite athlete status. In this review, we explore the extent of the genetic influence on the making of a sporting champion and we describe issues which, at present, hamper the utility of genetic testing in identifying future elite performers. We build on this by exploring what further knowledge is required to enhance this process, including a reflection on the potential learnings from the use of genetics as a disease prediction tool. Finally, we discuss ways in which genetic information may hold utility within elite sport in the future, including guiding nutritional and training recommendations, and assisting in the prevention of injury. Whilst genetic testing has the potential to assist in the identification of future talented performers, genetic tests should be combined with other tools to obtain an accurate identification of those athletes predisposed to succeed in sport. The use of total genotype scores, composed of a high number of performance-enhancing polymorphisms, will likely be one of the best strategies in the utilisation of genetic information to identify talent in sport. MDPI 2019-11-26 /pmc/articles/PMC6969917/ /pubmed/31779250 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120972 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Pickering, Craig
Kiely, John
Grgic, Jozo
Lucia, Alejandro
Del Coso, Juan
Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?
title Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?
title_full Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?
title_fullStr Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?
title_full_unstemmed Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?
title_short Can Genetic Testing Identify Talent for Sport?
title_sort can genetic testing identify talent for sport?
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6969917/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31779250
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120972
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