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Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees
Between-group competition in social animals appears to be a prominent selective pressure shaping the evolution of territoriality and cooperation [1, 2, 3, 4]. Evidence for an effect of between-group competition on fitness in territorial species, however, is mostly lacking because of difficulty in me...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cell Press
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971690/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31902731 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.039 |
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author | Lemoine, Sylvain Preis, Anna Samuni, Liran Boesch, Christophe Crockford, Catherine Wittig, Roman M. |
author_facet | Lemoine, Sylvain Preis, Anna Samuni, Liran Boesch, Christophe Crockford, Catherine Wittig, Roman M. |
author_sort | Lemoine, Sylvain |
collection | PubMed |
description | Between-group competition in social animals appears to be a prominent selective pressure shaping the evolution of territoriality and cooperation [1, 2, 3, 4]. Evidence for an effect of between-group competition on fitness in territorial species, however, is mostly lacking because of difficulty in measuring between-group competition and its long-term impact [5]. Between-group competition corresponds to a complex set of interactions between neighboring groups, and its intensity seems to depend on the competitive abilities of each interacting group [6, 7]. We tested whether the competitive ability of groups and the pressure exerted by neighboring groups affected the reproductive success of wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Using long-term data on four neighboring groups in the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire, collected over the course of 54 observation years, we measured the competitive ability of habituated groups using the number of mature males and the pressure exerted by non-habituated neighbors with an index of neighbor pressure that combined the frequency of neighboring encounters and related spatial information. Importantly, we found that experiencing low neighbor pressure provides fitness benefits through increased offspring survival and shorter inter-birth intervals. Also, many males in a group are associated with shorter inter-birth intervals. We conclude that high between-group competition hampers fast reproduction and offspring survival when exposure is during the prenatal period. Our findings suggest that having many males in a group results in fitness benefits and that between-group competition should be considered as a potential selective pressure that shaped key social adaptations in the hominoid lineage. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6971690 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Cell Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69716902020-01-28 Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees Lemoine, Sylvain Preis, Anna Samuni, Liran Boesch, Christophe Crockford, Catherine Wittig, Roman M. Curr Biol Article Between-group competition in social animals appears to be a prominent selective pressure shaping the evolution of territoriality and cooperation [1, 2, 3, 4]. Evidence for an effect of between-group competition on fitness in territorial species, however, is mostly lacking because of difficulty in measuring between-group competition and its long-term impact [5]. Between-group competition corresponds to a complex set of interactions between neighboring groups, and its intensity seems to depend on the competitive abilities of each interacting group [6, 7]. We tested whether the competitive ability of groups and the pressure exerted by neighboring groups affected the reproductive success of wild female chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Using long-term data on four neighboring groups in the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire, collected over the course of 54 observation years, we measured the competitive ability of habituated groups using the number of mature males and the pressure exerted by non-habituated neighbors with an index of neighbor pressure that combined the frequency of neighboring encounters and related spatial information. Importantly, we found that experiencing low neighbor pressure provides fitness benefits through increased offspring survival and shorter inter-birth intervals. Also, many males in a group are associated with shorter inter-birth intervals. We conclude that high between-group competition hampers fast reproduction and offspring survival when exposure is during the prenatal period. Our findings suggest that having many males in a group results in fitness benefits and that between-group competition should be considered as a potential selective pressure that shaped key social adaptations in the hominoid lineage. Cell Press 2020-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6971690/ /pubmed/31902731 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.039 Text en © 2019 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lemoine, Sylvain Preis, Anna Samuni, Liran Boesch, Christophe Crockford, Catherine Wittig, Roman M. Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees |
title | Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees |
title_full | Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees |
title_fullStr | Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees |
title_full_unstemmed | Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees |
title_short | Between-Group Competition Impacts Reproductive Success in Wild Chimpanzees |
title_sort | between-group competition impacts reproductive success in wild chimpanzees |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971690/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31902731 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.039 |
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