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The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome

BACKGROUND: Gymnosperms represent five of the six lineages of seed plants. However, most sequenced plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been generated for angiosperms, whereas mitogenomic sequences have been generated for only six gymnosperms. In particular, complete mitogenomes are availa...

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Autores principales: Kan, Sheng-Long, Shen, Ting-Ting, Gong, Ping, Ran, Jin-Hua, Wang, Xiao-Quan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31959109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-020-1582-1
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author Kan, Sheng-Long
Shen, Ting-Ting
Gong, Ping
Ran, Jin-Hua
Wang, Xiao-Quan
author_facet Kan, Sheng-Long
Shen, Ting-Ting
Gong, Ping
Ran, Jin-Hua
Wang, Xiao-Quan
author_sort Kan, Sheng-Long
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Gymnosperms represent five of the six lineages of seed plants. However, most sequenced plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been generated for angiosperms, whereas mitogenomic sequences have been generated for only six gymnosperms. In particular, complete mitogenomes are available for all major seed plant lineages except Conifer II (non-Pinaceae conifers or Cupressophyta), an important lineage including six families, which impedes a comprehensive understanding of the mitogenomic diversity and evolution in gymnosperms. RESULTS: Here, we report the complete mitogenome of Taxus cuspidata in Conifer II. In comparison with previously released gymnosperm mitogenomes, we found that the mitogenomes of Taxus and Welwitschia have lost many genes individually, whereas all genes were identified in the mitogenomes of Cycas, Ginkgo and Pinaceae. Multiple tRNA genes and introns also have been lost in some lineages of gymnosperms, similar to the pattern observed in angiosperms. In general, gene clusters could be less conserved in gymnosperms than in angiosperms. Moreover, fewer RNA editing sites were identified in the Taxus and Welwitschia mitogenomes than in other mitogenomes, which could be correlated with fewer introns and frequent gene losses in these two species. CONCLUSIONS: We have sequenced the Taxus cuspidata mitogenome, and compared it with mitogenomes from the other four gymnosperm lineages. The results revealed the diversity in size, structure, gene and intron contents, foreign sequences, and mutation rates of gymnosperm mitogenomes, which are different from angiosperm mitogenomes.
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spelling pubmed-69718622020-01-27 The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome Kan, Sheng-Long Shen, Ting-Ting Gong, Ping Ran, Jin-Hua Wang, Xiao-Quan BMC Evol Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Gymnosperms represent five of the six lineages of seed plants. However, most sequenced plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) have been generated for angiosperms, whereas mitogenomic sequences have been generated for only six gymnosperms. In particular, complete mitogenomes are available for all major seed plant lineages except Conifer II (non-Pinaceae conifers or Cupressophyta), an important lineage including six families, which impedes a comprehensive understanding of the mitogenomic diversity and evolution in gymnosperms. RESULTS: Here, we report the complete mitogenome of Taxus cuspidata in Conifer II. In comparison with previously released gymnosperm mitogenomes, we found that the mitogenomes of Taxus and Welwitschia have lost many genes individually, whereas all genes were identified in the mitogenomes of Cycas, Ginkgo and Pinaceae. Multiple tRNA genes and introns also have been lost in some lineages of gymnosperms, similar to the pattern observed in angiosperms. In general, gene clusters could be less conserved in gymnosperms than in angiosperms. Moreover, fewer RNA editing sites were identified in the Taxus and Welwitschia mitogenomes than in other mitogenomes, which could be correlated with fewer introns and frequent gene losses in these two species. CONCLUSIONS: We have sequenced the Taxus cuspidata mitogenome, and compared it with mitogenomes from the other four gymnosperm lineages. The results revealed the diversity in size, structure, gene and intron contents, foreign sequences, and mutation rates of gymnosperm mitogenomes, which are different from angiosperm mitogenomes. BioMed Central 2020-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6971862/ /pubmed/31959109 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-020-1582-1 Text en © The Author(s). 2020 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kan, Sheng-Long
Shen, Ting-Ting
Gong, Ping
Ran, Jin-Hua
Wang, Xiao-Quan
The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
title The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
title_full The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
title_fullStr The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
title_full_unstemmed The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
title_short The complete mitochondrial genome of Taxus cuspidata (Taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
title_sort complete mitochondrial genome of taxus cuspidata (taxaceae): eight protein-coding genes have transferred to the nuclear genome
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31959109
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12862-020-1582-1
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