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Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population
BACKGROUND: Dispositional optimism is a psychological trait that has been associated with positive health outcomes such as reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is little knowledge on the relationship between optimism and dietary intake in the population. The objective of this cros...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971864/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31959166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-0522-7 |
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author | Ait-hadad, Wassila Bénard, Marc Shankland, Rebecca Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle Robert, Margaux Touvier, Mathilde Hercberg, Serge Buscail, Camille Péneau, Sandrine |
author_facet | Ait-hadad, Wassila Bénard, Marc Shankland, Rebecca Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle Robert, Margaux Touvier, Mathilde Hercberg, Serge Buscail, Camille Péneau, Sandrine |
author_sort | Ait-hadad, Wassila |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Dispositional optimism is a psychological trait that has been associated with positive health outcomes such as reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is little knowledge on the relationship between optimism and dietary intake in the population. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether optimism was associated with overall diet quality, food group consumption and snacking. METHODS: In 2016, 32,806 adult participants from the NutriNet-Santé study completed the Life-Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) which assesses dispositional optimism. Overall diet quality (assessed by the mPNNS-Guideline Score) and consumption of 22 food groups were evaluated using at least three self-reported 24-h dietary records. Snacking behavior was evaluated by an ad-hoc question. Logistic and linear regressions were used to analyze the associations between optimism and these dietary behaviors, taking into account socio-demographic, lifestyle and depressive symptomatology characteristics. RESULTS: Optimism was associated with greater overall diet quality (β (95% CI) = 0.07 (0.004–0.11), P < 0.0001) and higher consumption of fruit and vegetables, seafood, whole grains, fats, dairy and meat substitutes, legumes, non-salted oleaginous fruits, and negatively associated with consumption of meat and poultry, dairy products, milk-based desserts, sugar and confectionery. In addition, optimism was associated with less snacking (OR (95% CI) = 0.89 (0.84, 0.95)). In contrast, optimism was associated with higher consumption of alcoholic beverage (β (95% CI) = 5.71 (2.54–8.88), P = 0.0004) and appetizers (OR (95% CI) = 1.09 (1.04, 1.14)). Finally, no association was observed between optimism and energy intake. CONCLUSIONS: Optimism was associated with better overall diet quality and less snacking. It was also associated with consumption of healthy food groups as well as unhealthy food groups typically consumed in social eating occasions. These findings suggest that optimism could be taken into account in the promotion of a healthy eating behavior. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6971864 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69718642020-01-27 Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population Ait-hadad, Wassila Bénard, Marc Shankland, Rebecca Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle Robert, Margaux Touvier, Mathilde Hercberg, Serge Buscail, Camille Péneau, Sandrine Nutr J Research BACKGROUND: Dispositional optimism is a psychological trait that has been associated with positive health outcomes such as reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, there is little knowledge on the relationship between optimism and dietary intake in the population. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to assess whether optimism was associated with overall diet quality, food group consumption and snacking. METHODS: In 2016, 32,806 adult participants from the NutriNet-Santé study completed the Life-Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) which assesses dispositional optimism. Overall diet quality (assessed by the mPNNS-Guideline Score) and consumption of 22 food groups were evaluated using at least three self-reported 24-h dietary records. Snacking behavior was evaluated by an ad-hoc question. Logistic and linear regressions were used to analyze the associations between optimism and these dietary behaviors, taking into account socio-demographic, lifestyle and depressive symptomatology characteristics. RESULTS: Optimism was associated with greater overall diet quality (β (95% CI) = 0.07 (0.004–0.11), P < 0.0001) and higher consumption of fruit and vegetables, seafood, whole grains, fats, dairy and meat substitutes, legumes, non-salted oleaginous fruits, and negatively associated with consumption of meat and poultry, dairy products, milk-based desserts, sugar and confectionery. In addition, optimism was associated with less snacking (OR (95% CI) = 0.89 (0.84, 0.95)). In contrast, optimism was associated with higher consumption of alcoholic beverage (β (95% CI) = 5.71 (2.54–8.88), P = 0.0004) and appetizers (OR (95% CI) = 1.09 (1.04, 1.14)). Finally, no association was observed between optimism and energy intake. CONCLUSIONS: Optimism was associated with better overall diet quality and less snacking. It was also associated with consumption of healthy food groups as well as unhealthy food groups typically consumed in social eating occasions. These findings suggest that optimism could be taken into account in the promotion of a healthy eating behavior. BioMed Central 2020-01-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6971864/ /pubmed/31959166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-0522-7 Text en © The Author(s). 2020 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Ait-hadad, Wassila Bénard, Marc Shankland, Rebecca Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle Robert, Margaux Touvier, Mathilde Hercberg, Serge Buscail, Camille Péneau, Sandrine Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
title | Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
title_full | Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
title_fullStr | Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
title_short | Optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
title_sort | optimism is associated with diet quality, food group consumption and snacking behavior in a general population |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971864/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31959166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12937-020-0522-7 |
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