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Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool

Urban sanitation in growing cities of the Global South presents particular challenges, like the speed of their growth, the high population density, and, often, the lack of existing wastewater infrastructure. This led to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Reinvent The Toilet Challenge, a call...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hennigs, Jan, Parker, Alison, Collins, Matt, Jiang, Ying, Kolios, Athanasios, McAdam, Ewan, Williams, Leon, Tyrrel, Sean
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: F1000 Research Limited 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6974809/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32025631
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13057.2
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author Hennigs, Jan
Parker, Alison
Collins, Matt
Jiang, Ying
Kolios, Athanasios
McAdam, Ewan
Williams, Leon
Tyrrel, Sean
author_facet Hennigs, Jan
Parker, Alison
Collins, Matt
Jiang, Ying
Kolios, Athanasios
McAdam, Ewan
Williams, Leon
Tyrrel, Sean
author_sort Hennigs, Jan
collection PubMed
description Urban sanitation in growing cities of the Global South presents particular challenges, like the speed of their growth, the high population density, and, often, the lack of existing wastewater infrastructure. This led to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Reinvent The Toilet Challenge, a call to develop novel, non-sewered sanitation technologies, which sparked the development of various inventions, like the Nano Membrane Toilet. Complex technologies like this entail an extensive product development process, including various iterations of prototype tests. While there is an abundance of literature discussing how to build prototypes, and the optimal number of tests, there has been little focus on how to plan, communicate, and conduct tests, especially in a product development endeavour of this complexity. Multiple aspects of testing prototypes are reviewed. A visual test planning tool is proposed that encompasses the entire product development process and can be used to plan and communicate prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet to ultimately achieve compliance with international standards.
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spelling pubmed-69748092020-02-04 Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool Hennigs, Jan Parker, Alison Collins, Matt Jiang, Ying Kolios, Athanasios McAdam, Ewan Williams, Leon Tyrrel, Sean Gates Open Res Research Article Urban sanitation in growing cities of the Global South presents particular challenges, like the speed of their growth, the high population density, and, often, the lack of existing wastewater infrastructure. This led to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Reinvent The Toilet Challenge, a call to develop novel, non-sewered sanitation technologies, which sparked the development of various inventions, like the Nano Membrane Toilet. Complex technologies like this entail an extensive product development process, including various iterations of prototype tests. While there is an abundance of literature discussing how to build prototypes, and the optimal number of tests, there has been little focus on how to plan, communicate, and conduct tests, especially in a product development endeavour of this complexity. Multiple aspects of testing prototypes are reviewed. A visual test planning tool is proposed that encompasses the entire product development process and can be used to plan and communicate prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet to ultimately achieve compliance with international standards. F1000 Research Limited 2019-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6974809/ /pubmed/32025631 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13057.2 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Hennigs J et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Hennigs, Jan
Parker, Alison
Collins, Matt
Jiang, Ying
Kolios, Athanasios
McAdam, Ewan
Williams, Leon
Tyrrel, Sean
Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool
title Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool
title_full Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool
title_fullStr Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool
title_full_unstemmed Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool
title_short Planning and communicating prototype tests for the Nano Membrane Toilet: A critical review and proposed visual tool
title_sort planning and communicating prototype tests for the nano membrane toilet: a critical review and proposed visual tool
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6974809/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32025631
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13057.2
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