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A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance

The practice of prophylactic administration of a macrolide antimicrobial with rifampin (MaR) to apparently healthy foals with pulmonary lesions identified by thoracic ultrasonography (i.e., subclinically pneumonic foals) is common in the United States. The practice has been associated epidemiologica...

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Autores principales: Álvarez–Narváez, S., Berghaus, L. J., Morris, E. R. A., Willingham-Lane, J. M., Slovis, N. M., Giguere, S., Cohen, N. D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6976650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31969575
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57479-9
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author Álvarez–Narváez, S.
Berghaus, L. J.
Morris, E. R. A.
Willingham-Lane, J. M.
Slovis, N. M.
Giguere, S.
Cohen, N. D.
author_facet Álvarez–Narváez, S.
Berghaus, L. J.
Morris, E. R. A.
Willingham-Lane, J. M.
Slovis, N. M.
Giguere, S.
Cohen, N. D.
author_sort Álvarez–Narváez, S.
collection PubMed
description The practice of prophylactic administration of a macrolide antimicrobial with rifampin (MaR) to apparently healthy foals with pulmonary lesions identified by thoracic ultrasonography (i.e., subclinically pneumonic foals) is common in the United States. The practice has been associated epidemiologically with emergence of R. equi resistant to MaR. Here, we report direct evidence of multi-drug resistance among foals treated with MaR. In silico and in vitro analysis of the fecal microbiome and resistome of 38 subclinically pneumonic foals treated with either MaR (n = 19) or gallium maltolate (GaM; n = 19) and 19 untreated controls was performed. Treatment with MaR, but not GaM, significantly decreased fecal microbiota abundance and diversity, and expanded the abundance and diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes in feces. Soil plots experimentally infected with Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) and treated with MaR selected for MaR-resistant R. equi, whereas MaR-susceptible R. equi out-competed resistant isolates in GaM-treated or untreated plots. Our results indicate that MaR use promotes multi-drug resistance in R. equi and commensals that are shed into their environment where they can persist and potentially infect or colonize horses and other animals.
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spelling pubmed-69766502020-01-29 A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance Álvarez–Narváez, S. Berghaus, L. J. Morris, E. R. A. Willingham-Lane, J. M. Slovis, N. M. Giguere, S. Cohen, N. D. Sci Rep Article The practice of prophylactic administration of a macrolide antimicrobial with rifampin (MaR) to apparently healthy foals with pulmonary lesions identified by thoracic ultrasonography (i.e., subclinically pneumonic foals) is common in the United States. The practice has been associated epidemiologically with emergence of R. equi resistant to MaR. Here, we report direct evidence of multi-drug resistance among foals treated with MaR. In silico and in vitro analysis of the fecal microbiome and resistome of 38 subclinically pneumonic foals treated with either MaR (n = 19) or gallium maltolate (GaM; n = 19) and 19 untreated controls was performed. Treatment with MaR, but not GaM, significantly decreased fecal microbiota abundance and diversity, and expanded the abundance and diversity of antimicrobial resistance genes in feces. Soil plots experimentally infected with Rhodococcus equi (R. equi) and treated with MaR selected for MaR-resistant R. equi, whereas MaR-susceptible R. equi out-competed resistant isolates in GaM-treated or untreated plots. Our results indicate that MaR use promotes multi-drug resistance in R. equi and commensals that are shed into their environment where they can persist and potentially infect or colonize horses and other animals. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6976650/ /pubmed/31969575 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57479-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Álvarez–Narváez, S.
Berghaus, L. J.
Morris, E. R. A.
Willingham-Lane, J. M.
Slovis, N. M.
Giguere, S.
Cohen, N. D.
A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance
title A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance
title_full A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance
title_fullStr A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance
title_full_unstemmed A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance
title_short A Common Practice of Widespread Antimicrobial Use in Horse Production Promotes Multi-Drug Resistance
title_sort common practice of widespread antimicrobial use in horse production promotes multi-drug resistance
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6976650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31969575
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57479-9
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