A QTL associated with high seed coat cracking rate of a leading Japanese soybean variety

Seed coat cracking in soybeans [Glycine max (L). Merr.] leads to commercial and agronomic losses. The Japanese elite soybean cultivar ‘Fukuyutaka’ is often used as a parent for breeding, but its high rate of seed coat cracking is an obstacle to its further use in breeding programs. To establish a DNA marker-assisted selection system for seed coat cracking, genetic factors related to high rates of seed coat cracking were surveyed, and a quantitative trait locus (QTL) with a stable effect on seed coat cracking in both years of a two-year replication experiment was detected on chromosome 20. Comparison of a set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) around this locus verified that the presence of the ‘Fukuyutaka’ allele significantly increased seed coat cracking in the kernel. The locus is located in a genomic region spanning 3.2 Mb. Marker-assisted selection for the locus will improve the selection efficiency of ‘Fukuyutaka’-derived breeding populations.