Cargando…

Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma

BACKGROUND: Prolonged exposure to environmental antigens or allergens elicits an immune response in both healthy horses and those with mild asthma. Corticosteroids often are used to treat lower airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in equine herpesvirus (EHV)‐1,2,4,5 glycoprotei...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bond, Stephanie L., Workentine, Matthew, Hundt, Jana, Gilkerson, James R., Léguillette, Renaud
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6979091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31793692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15671
_version_ 1783490831482617856
author Bond, Stephanie L.
Workentine, Matthew
Hundt, Jana
Gilkerson, James R.
Léguillette, Renaud
author_facet Bond, Stephanie L.
Workentine, Matthew
Hundt, Jana
Gilkerson, James R.
Léguillette, Renaud
author_sort Bond, Stephanie L.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Prolonged exposure to environmental antigens or allergens elicits an immune response in both healthy horses and those with mild asthma. Corticosteroids often are used to treat lower airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in equine herpesvirus (EHV)‐1,2,4,5 glycoprotein B gene expression and changes in respiratory bacterial and fungal communities after nebulized dexamethasone treatment of horses with asthma. ANIMALS: Horses with naturally occurring mild asthma (n = 16) and healthy control horses (n = 4). METHODS: Prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of EHV‐1,2,4,5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and 16S (microbiome) and ITS2 (mycobiome) genes with subsequent sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from nasal swabs and transendoscopic tracheal aspirates before and after 13 days treatment with nebulized dexamethasone (15 mg q24h) and saline (control). RESULTS: Nebulized dexamethasone treatment decreased microbial diversity; relative abundance of 8 genera in the upper respiratory tract were altered. For both the microbiota and the mycobiota, environment had a dominant effect over treatment. Alternaria, an opportunistic pathogen and allergen in humans recognized as a risk factor for asthma, asthma severity, and exacerbations, was increased with treatment. Treatment affected relative quantification of the equine gamma herpesviruses (EHV‐2 and ‐5); EHV‐2 DNA levels increased and those of EHV‐5 decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Nebulized dexamethasone treatment affected the upper respiratory tract microbiota, but not the mycobiota, which was overwhelmed by the effect of a sustained dusty environment.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6979091
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-69790912020-01-28 Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma Bond, Stephanie L. Workentine, Matthew Hundt, Jana Gilkerson, James R. Léguillette, Renaud J Vet Intern Med EQUID BACKGROUND: Prolonged exposure to environmental antigens or allergens elicits an immune response in both healthy horses and those with mild asthma. Corticosteroids often are used to treat lower airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in equine herpesvirus (EHV)‐1,2,4,5 glycoprotein B gene expression and changes in respiratory bacterial and fungal communities after nebulized dexamethasone treatment of horses with asthma. ANIMALS: Horses with naturally occurring mild asthma (n = 16) and healthy control horses (n = 4). METHODS: Prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of EHV‐1,2,4,5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and 16S (microbiome) and ITS2 (mycobiome) genes with subsequent sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from nasal swabs and transendoscopic tracheal aspirates before and after 13 days treatment with nebulized dexamethasone (15 mg q24h) and saline (control). RESULTS: Nebulized dexamethasone treatment decreased microbial diversity; relative abundance of 8 genera in the upper respiratory tract were altered. For both the microbiota and the mycobiota, environment had a dominant effect over treatment. Alternaria, an opportunistic pathogen and allergen in humans recognized as a risk factor for asthma, asthma severity, and exacerbations, was increased with treatment. Treatment affected relative quantification of the equine gamma herpesviruses (EHV‐2 and ‐5); EHV‐2 DNA levels increased and those of EHV‐5 decreased. CONCLUSIONS: Nebulized dexamethasone treatment affected the upper respiratory tract microbiota, but not the mycobiota, which was overwhelmed by the effect of a sustained dusty environment. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2019-12-03 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC6979091/ /pubmed/31793692 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15671 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle EQUID
Bond, Stephanie L.
Workentine, Matthew
Hundt, Jana
Gilkerson, James R.
Léguillette, Renaud
Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
title Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
title_full Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
title_fullStr Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
title_full_unstemmed Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
title_short Effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
title_sort effects of nebulized dexamethasone on the respiratory microbiota and mycobiota and relative equine herpesvirus‐1, 2, 4, 5 in an equine model of asthma
topic EQUID
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6979091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31793692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15671
work_keys_str_mv AT bondstephaniel effectsofnebulizeddexamethasoneontherespiratorymicrobiotaandmycobiotaandrelativeequineherpesvirus1245inanequinemodelofasthma
AT workentinematthew effectsofnebulizeddexamethasoneontherespiratorymicrobiotaandmycobiotaandrelativeequineherpesvirus1245inanequinemodelofasthma
AT hundtjana effectsofnebulizeddexamethasoneontherespiratorymicrobiotaandmycobiotaandrelativeequineherpesvirus1245inanequinemodelofasthma
AT effectsofnebulizeddexamethasoneontherespiratorymicrobiotaandmycobiotaandrelativeequineherpesvirus1245inanequinemodelofasthma
AT gilkersonjamesr effectsofnebulizeddexamethasoneontherespiratorymicrobiotaandmycobiotaandrelativeequineherpesvirus1245inanequinemodelofasthma
AT leguilletterenaud effectsofnebulizeddexamethasoneontherespiratorymicrobiotaandmycobiotaandrelativeequineherpesvirus1245inanequinemodelofasthma