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Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital

BACKGROUND: Responsible use of antimicrobials in equine practice relies on knowledge of common bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial sensitivities. OBJECTIVES: To assess the frequency of bacterial resistance to a combination of parenteral penicillin and gentamicin and to trimethoprim and sulfam...

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Autores principales: Potier, Julie F. N., Durham, Andy E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6979268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31849110
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15685
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author Potier, Julie F. N.
Durham, Andy E.
author_facet Potier, Julie F. N.
Durham, Andy E.
author_sort Potier, Julie F. N.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Responsible use of antimicrobials in equine practice relies on knowledge of common bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial sensitivities. OBJECTIVES: To assess the frequency of bacterial resistance to a combination of parenteral penicillin and gentamicin and to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for PO use in a selection of clinical isolates, and subsequently to determine the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials that might then be used as alternatives to first‐line antimicrobials for the same isolates. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials for 6354 bacterial isolates from 365 ambulatory practices and 519 isolates from a referral hospital. The MICs were used to indicate sensitivity or resistance to commonly used antimicrobials and the prevalences of resistance were compared between origin of the isolates, and among antimicrobial drugs. RESULTS: Isolates from the referral hospital were significantly (P < .05) more likely to be resistant to the antimicrobials tested than those derived from ambulatory practice. Overall, 91% of the ambulatory isolates and 64% of the hospital isolates were sensitive to penicillin‐gentamicin. For trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole combination, 82% of the ambulatory practice isolates and 56% of the referral hospital isolates were sensitive. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Most isolates were sensitive to penicillin and gentamicin as well as trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole. No predictable efficacious second choice antimicrobial was identified for those isolates resistant to the first‐line antimicrobials. The likelihood of isolates being sensitive to second choice antimicrobials was variable but generally higher for ambulatory isolates compared to referral isolates. Bacterial identification and measurement of MIC are essential to make the appropriate antimicrobial choice.
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spelling pubmed-69792682020-01-28 Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital Potier, Julie F. N. Durham, Andy E. J Vet Intern Med EQUID BACKGROUND: Responsible use of antimicrobials in equine practice relies on knowledge of common bacterial isolates and their antimicrobial sensitivities. OBJECTIVES: To assess the frequency of bacterial resistance to a combination of parenteral penicillin and gentamicin and to trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for PO use in a selection of clinical isolates, and subsequently to determine the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials that might then be used as alternatives to first‐line antimicrobials for the same isolates. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobials for 6354 bacterial isolates from 365 ambulatory practices and 519 isolates from a referral hospital. The MICs were used to indicate sensitivity or resistance to commonly used antimicrobials and the prevalences of resistance were compared between origin of the isolates, and among antimicrobial drugs. RESULTS: Isolates from the referral hospital were significantly (P < .05) more likely to be resistant to the antimicrobials tested than those derived from ambulatory practice. Overall, 91% of the ambulatory isolates and 64% of the hospital isolates were sensitive to penicillin‐gentamicin. For trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole combination, 82% of the ambulatory practice isolates and 56% of the referral hospital isolates were sensitive. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Most isolates were sensitive to penicillin and gentamicin as well as trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole. No predictable efficacious second choice antimicrobial was identified for those isolates resistant to the first‐line antimicrobials. The likelihood of isolates being sensitive to second choice antimicrobials was variable but generally higher for ambulatory isolates compared to referral isolates. Bacterial identification and measurement of MIC are essential to make the appropriate antimicrobial choice. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2019-12-17 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC6979268/ /pubmed/31849110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15685 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle EQUID
Potier, Julie F. N.
Durham, Andy E.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
title Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
title_full Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
title_fullStr Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
title_short Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
title_sort antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates from ambulatory practice and from a referral hospital
topic EQUID
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6979268/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31849110
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15685
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