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DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome

The mitochondrion stands at the center of cell energy metabolism. It contains its own genome, the mtDNA, that is a relic of its prokaryotic symbiotic ancestor. In plants, the mitochondrial genetic information influences important agronomic traits including fertility, plant vigor, chloroplast functio...

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Autores principales: Chevigny, Nicolas, Schatz-Daas, Déborah, Lotfi, Frédérique, Gualberto, José Manuel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6981420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31947741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010328
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author Chevigny, Nicolas
Schatz-Daas, Déborah
Lotfi, Frédérique
Gualberto, José Manuel
author_facet Chevigny, Nicolas
Schatz-Daas, Déborah
Lotfi, Frédérique
Gualberto, José Manuel
author_sort Chevigny, Nicolas
collection PubMed
description The mitochondrion stands at the center of cell energy metabolism. It contains its own genome, the mtDNA, that is a relic of its prokaryotic symbiotic ancestor. In plants, the mitochondrial genetic information influences important agronomic traits including fertility, plant vigor, chloroplast function, and cross-compatibility. Plant mtDNA has remarkable characteristics: It is much larger than the mtDNA of other eukaryotes and evolves very rapidly in structure. This is because of recombination activities that generate alternative mtDNA configurations, an important reservoir of genetic diversity that promotes rapid mtDNA evolution. On the other hand, the high incidence of ectopic recombination leads to mtDNA instability and the expression of gene chimeras, with potential deleterious effects. In contrast to the structural plasticity of the genome, in most plant species the mtDNA coding sequences evolve very slowly, even if the organization of the genome is highly variable. Repair mechanisms are probably responsible for such low mutation rates, in particular repair by homologous recombination. Herein we review some of the characteristics of plant organellar genomes and of the repair pathways found in plant mitochondria. We further discuss how homologous recombination is involved in the evolution of the plant mtDNA.
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spelling pubmed-69814202020-02-07 DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome Chevigny, Nicolas Schatz-Daas, Déborah Lotfi, Frédérique Gualberto, José Manuel Int J Mol Sci Review The mitochondrion stands at the center of cell energy metabolism. It contains its own genome, the mtDNA, that is a relic of its prokaryotic symbiotic ancestor. In plants, the mitochondrial genetic information influences important agronomic traits including fertility, plant vigor, chloroplast function, and cross-compatibility. Plant mtDNA has remarkable characteristics: It is much larger than the mtDNA of other eukaryotes and evolves very rapidly in structure. This is because of recombination activities that generate alternative mtDNA configurations, an important reservoir of genetic diversity that promotes rapid mtDNA evolution. On the other hand, the high incidence of ectopic recombination leads to mtDNA instability and the expression of gene chimeras, with potential deleterious effects. In contrast to the structural plasticity of the genome, in most plant species the mtDNA coding sequences evolve very slowly, even if the organization of the genome is highly variable. Repair mechanisms are probably responsible for such low mutation rates, in particular repair by homologous recombination. Herein we review some of the characteristics of plant organellar genomes and of the repair pathways found in plant mitochondria. We further discuss how homologous recombination is involved in the evolution of the plant mtDNA. MDPI 2020-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6981420/ /pubmed/31947741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010328 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Chevigny, Nicolas
Schatz-Daas, Déborah
Lotfi, Frédérique
Gualberto, José Manuel
DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome
title DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome
title_full DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome
title_fullStr DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome
title_full_unstemmed DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome
title_short DNA Repair and the Stability of the Plant Mitochondrial Genome
title_sort dna repair and the stability of the plant mitochondrial genome
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6981420/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31947741
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21010328
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