A Data Clustering Algorithm for Detecting Selective Forwarding Attack in Cluster-Based Wireless Sensor Networks

In cluster-based wireless sensor networks, cluster heads (CHs) gather and fuse data packets from sensor nodes; then, they forward fused packets to the sink node (SN). This helps wireless sensor networks balance energy effectively and efficiently to prolong their lifetime. However, cluster-based WSNs are vulnerable to selective forwarding attacks. Compromised CHs would become malicious and launch selective forwarding attacks in which they drop part of or all the packets from other nodes. In this paper, a data clustering algorithm (DCA) for detecting a selective forwarding attack (DCA-SF) is proposed. It can capture and isolate malicious CHs that have launched selective forwarding attacks by clustering their cumulative forwarding rates (CFRs). The DCA-SF algorithm has been strengthened by changing the DCA parameters (Eps, Minpts) adaptively. The simulation results show that the DCA-SF has a low missed detection rate of 1.04% and a false detection rate of 0.42% respectively with low energy consumption.