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Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders
Electrophysiological studies can provide objective and quantifiable assessments of movement disorders. They are useful in the diagnosis of hyperkinetic movement disorders, particularly tremors and myoclonus. The most commonly used measures are surface electromyography (sEMG), electroencephalography...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Korean Movement Disorder Society
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6987526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31986867 http://dx.doi.org/10.14802/jmd.19064 |
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author | Chen, Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen, Robert |
author_facet | Chen, Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen, Robert |
author_sort | Chen, Kai-Hsiang Stanley |
collection | PubMed |
description | Electrophysiological studies can provide objective and quantifiable assessments of movement disorders. They are useful in the diagnosis of hyperkinetic movement disorders, particularly tremors and myoclonus. The most commonly used measures are surface electromyography (sEMG), electroencephalography (EEG) and accelerometry. Frequency and coherence analyses of sEMG signals may reveal the nature of tremors and the source of the tremors. The effects of voluntary tapping, ballistic movements and weighting of the limbs can help to distinguish between organic and functional tremors. The presence of Bereitschafts-potentials and beta-band desynchronization recorded by EEG before movement onset provide strong evidence for functional movement disorders. EMG burst durations, distributions and muscle recruitment orders may identify and classify myoclonus to cortical, subcortical or spinal origins and help in the diagnosis of functional myoclonus. Organic and functional cervical dystonia can potentially be distinguished by EMG power spectral analysis. Several reflex circuits, such as the long latency reflex, blink reflex and startle reflex, can be elicited with different types of external stimuli and are useful in the assessment of myoclonus, excessive startle and stiff person syndrome. However, limitations of the tests should be recognized, and the results should be interpreted together with clinical observations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6987526 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | The Korean Movement Disorder Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69875262020-02-14 Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders Chen, Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen, Robert J Mov Disord Review Article Electrophysiological studies can provide objective and quantifiable assessments of movement disorders. They are useful in the diagnosis of hyperkinetic movement disorders, particularly tremors and myoclonus. The most commonly used measures are surface electromyography (sEMG), electroencephalography (EEG) and accelerometry. Frequency and coherence analyses of sEMG signals may reveal the nature of tremors and the source of the tremors. The effects of voluntary tapping, ballistic movements and weighting of the limbs can help to distinguish between organic and functional tremors. The presence of Bereitschafts-potentials and beta-band desynchronization recorded by EEG before movement onset provide strong evidence for functional movement disorders. EMG burst durations, distributions and muscle recruitment orders may identify and classify myoclonus to cortical, subcortical or spinal origins and help in the diagnosis of functional myoclonus. Organic and functional cervical dystonia can potentially be distinguished by EMG power spectral analysis. Several reflex circuits, such as the long latency reflex, blink reflex and startle reflex, can be elicited with different types of external stimuli and are useful in the assessment of myoclonus, excessive startle and stiff person syndrome. However, limitations of the tests should be recognized, and the results should be interpreted together with clinical observations. The Korean Movement Disorder Society 2020-01 2020-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6987526/ /pubmed/31986867 http://dx.doi.org/10.14802/jmd.19064 Text en Copyright © 2020 The Korean Movement Disorder Society This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Chen, Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen, Robert Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders |
title | Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders |
title_full | Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders |
title_fullStr | Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders |
title_full_unstemmed | Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders |
title_short | Principles of Electrophysiological Assessments for Movement Disorders |
title_sort | principles of electrophysiological assessments for movement disorders |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6987526/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31986867 http://dx.doi.org/10.14802/jmd.19064 |
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