The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on BASNEF Model on Self-Medication Behavior of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is one of the main reasons of the increase of morbidity and mortality around the world. Considering the burden of disease, self-medication can result in irrecoverable consequences. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on Beliefs, Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Enabling Factors (BASNEF) model on self-medication behaviors of type 2 diabetic patients in Fasa, Fars province, Iran, in 2017–2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 200 type 2 diabetic patients under cover of the diabetes center of Fasa were investigated (100 patients for experimental group and 100 patients for control group). A questionnaire investigating demographic information and BASNEF Model constructs (knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, subjective norms, and behavioral intention) was used for evaluating self-medication behaviors of patients before and 3 months after intervention. RESULTS: The average age of experimental group was 53.25 ± 8.42 and the average age of control group was 54.18 ± 8.13. Three months after intervention, experimental group showed significant enhancement in knowledge, attitude, enabling factors, subjective norms, and behavioral intention and their self-medication behaviors reduced, while control group showed no significant changes in mentioned factors. CONCLUSION: The present study indicated the efficiency of BASNEF model on reduction of self-medication behaviors of diabetic patients. Hence, this model can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions in this field.