Cargando…
Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model
Chronic exposure to ambient levels of air pollution induces respiratory illness exacerbation by increasing inflammatory responses and apoptotic cells in pulmonary tissues. The ineffective phagocytosis of these apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) by macrophages has been considered an important factor in...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6993960/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32004356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228393 |
_version_ | 1783493125114691584 |
---|---|
author | Moreira, Alyne Riani Pereira de Castro, Thamyres Barros Kohler, Júlia Benini Ito, Juliana Tiyaki de França Silva, Larissa Emídio Lourenço, Juliana Dias Almeida, Rafael Ribeiro Santana, Fernanda Roncon Brito, Jose Mara Rivero, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Vale, Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso Prado, Carla Máximo Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Olivo, Clarice Rosa Lopes, Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos |
author_facet | Moreira, Alyne Riani Pereira de Castro, Thamyres Barros Kohler, Júlia Benini Ito, Juliana Tiyaki de França Silva, Larissa Emídio Lourenço, Juliana Dias Almeida, Rafael Ribeiro Santana, Fernanda Roncon Brito, Jose Mara Rivero, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Vale, Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso Prado, Carla Máximo Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Olivo, Clarice Rosa Lopes, Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos |
author_sort | Moreira, Alyne Riani |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chronic exposure to ambient levels of air pollution induces respiratory illness exacerbation by increasing inflammatory responses and apoptotic cells in pulmonary tissues. The ineffective phagocytosis of these apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) by macrophages has been considered an important factor in these pathological mechanisms. Depending on microenvironmental stimuli, macrophages can assume different phenotypes with different functional actions. M1 macrophages are recognized by their proinflammatory activity, whereas M2 macrophages play pivotal roles in responding to microorganisms and in efferocytosis to avoid the progression of inflammatory conditions. To verify how exposure to air pollutants interferes with macrophage polarization in emphysema development, we evaluated the different macrophage phenotypes in a PPE- induced model with the exposure to diesel exhaust particles. C57BL/6 mice received intranasal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) to induce emphysema, and the control groups received saline. Both groups were exposed to diesel exhaust particles or filtered air for 60 days according to the groups. We observed that both the diesel and PPE groups had an increase in alveolar enlargement, collagen and elastic fibers in the parenchyma and the number of macrophages, lymphocytes and epithelial cells in BAL, and these responses were exacerbated in animals that received PPE instillation prior to exposure to diesel exhaust particles. The same response pattern was found inCaspase-3 positive cell analysis, attesting to an increase in cell apoptosis, which is in agreement with the increase in M2 phenotype markers, measured by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. We did not verify differences among the groups for the M1 phenotype. In conclusion, our results showed that both chronic exposure to diesel exhaust particles and PPE instillation induced inflammatory conditions, cell apoptosis and emphysema development, as well as an increase in M2 phenotype macrophages, and the combination of these two factors exacerbated these responses. The predominance of the M2-like phenotype likely occurred due to the increased demand for efferocytosis. However, M2 macrophage activity was ineffective, resulting in emphysema development and worsening of symptoms. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6993960 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-69939602020-02-20 Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model Moreira, Alyne Riani Pereira de Castro, Thamyres Barros Kohler, Júlia Benini Ito, Juliana Tiyaki de França Silva, Larissa Emídio Lourenço, Juliana Dias Almeida, Rafael Ribeiro Santana, Fernanda Roncon Brito, Jose Mara Rivero, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Vale, Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso Prado, Carla Máximo Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Olivo, Clarice Rosa Lopes, Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos PLoS One Research Article Chronic exposure to ambient levels of air pollution induces respiratory illness exacerbation by increasing inflammatory responses and apoptotic cells in pulmonary tissues. The ineffective phagocytosis of these apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) by macrophages has been considered an important factor in these pathological mechanisms. Depending on microenvironmental stimuli, macrophages can assume different phenotypes with different functional actions. M1 macrophages are recognized by their proinflammatory activity, whereas M2 macrophages play pivotal roles in responding to microorganisms and in efferocytosis to avoid the progression of inflammatory conditions. To verify how exposure to air pollutants interferes with macrophage polarization in emphysema development, we evaluated the different macrophage phenotypes in a PPE- induced model with the exposure to diesel exhaust particles. C57BL/6 mice received intranasal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) to induce emphysema, and the control groups received saline. Both groups were exposed to diesel exhaust particles or filtered air for 60 days according to the groups. We observed that both the diesel and PPE groups had an increase in alveolar enlargement, collagen and elastic fibers in the parenchyma and the number of macrophages, lymphocytes and epithelial cells in BAL, and these responses were exacerbated in animals that received PPE instillation prior to exposure to diesel exhaust particles. The same response pattern was found inCaspase-3 positive cell analysis, attesting to an increase in cell apoptosis, which is in agreement with the increase in M2 phenotype markers, measured by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. We did not verify differences among the groups for the M1 phenotype. In conclusion, our results showed that both chronic exposure to diesel exhaust particles and PPE instillation induced inflammatory conditions, cell apoptosis and emphysema development, as well as an increase in M2 phenotype macrophages, and the combination of these two factors exacerbated these responses. The predominance of the M2-like phenotype likely occurred due to the increased demand for efferocytosis. However, M2 macrophage activity was ineffective, resulting in emphysema development and worsening of symptoms. Public Library of Science 2020-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6993960/ /pubmed/32004356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228393 Text en © 2020 Moreira et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Moreira, Alyne Riani Pereira de Castro, Thamyres Barros Kohler, Júlia Benini Ito, Juliana Tiyaki de França Silva, Larissa Emídio Lourenço, Juliana Dias Almeida, Rafael Ribeiro Santana, Fernanda Roncon Brito, Jose Mara Rivero, Dolores Helena Rodriguez Ferreira Vale, Maria Isabel Cardoso Alonso Prado, Carla Máximo Câmara, Niels Olsen Saraiva Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento Olivo, Clarice Rosa Lopes, Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model |
title | Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model |
title_full | Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model |
title_fullStr | Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model |
title_full_unstemmed | Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model |
title_short | Chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased M2-like phenotype macrophages in a PPE-induced model |
title_sort | chronic exposure to diesel particles worsened emphysema and increased m2-like phenotype macrophages in a ppe-induced model |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6993960/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32004356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228393 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT moreiraalyneriani chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT pereiradecastrothamyresbarros chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT kohlerjuliabenini chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT itojulianatiyaki chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT defrancasilvalarissaemidio chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT lourencojulianadias chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT almeidarafaelribeiro chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT santanafernandaroncon chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT britojosemara chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT riverodoloreshelenarodriguezferreira chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT valemariaisabelcardosoalonso chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT pradocarlamaximo chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT camaranielsolsensaraiva chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT saldivapaulohilarionascimento chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT olivoclaricerosa chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel AT lopesfernandadegobbitenorioquirinodossantos chronicexposuretodieselparticlesworsenedemphysemaandincreasedm2likephenotypemacrophagesinappeinducedmodel |