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Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress

The dramatic fluctuations in energy demands by the rhythmic succession of night and day on our planet has prompted a geophysical evolutionary need for biological temporal organization across phylogeny. The intrinsic circadian timing system (CS) represents a highly conserved and sophisticated interna...

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Autores principales: Agorastos, Agorastos, Nicolaides, Nicolas C., Bozikas, Vasilios P., Chrousos, George P., Pervanidou, Panagiota
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6997541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32047446
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01003
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author Agorastos, Agorastos
Nicolaides, Nicolas C.
Bozikas, Vasilios P.
Chrousos, George P.
Pervanidou, Panagiota
author_facet Agorastos, Agorastos
Nicolaides, Nicolas C.
Bozikas, Vasilios P.
Chrousos, George P.
Pervanidou, Panagiota
author_sort Agorastos, Agorastos
collection PubMed
description The dramatic fluctuations in energy demands by the rhythmic succession of night and day on our planet has prompted a geophysical evolutionary need for biological temporal organization across phylogeny. The intrinsic circadian timing system (CS) represents a highly conserved and sophisticated internal “clock,” adjusted to the 24-h rotation period of the earth, enabling a nyctohemeral coordination of numerous physiologic processes, from gene expression to behavior. The human CS is tightly and bidirectionally interconnected to the stress system (SS). Both systems are fundamental for survival and regulate each other’s activity in order to prepare the organism for the anticipated cyclic challenges. Thereby, the understanding of the temporal relationship between stressors and stress responses is critical for the comprehension of the molecular basis of physiology and pathogenesis of disease. A critical loss of the harmonious timed order at different organizational levels may affect the fundamental properties of neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic systems, leading to a breakdown of biobehavioral adaptative mechanisms with increased stress sensitivity and vulnerability. In this review, following an overview of the functional components of the SS and CS, we present their multilevel interactions and discuss how traumatic stress can alter the interplay between the two systems. Circadian dysregulation after traumatic stress exposure may represent a core feature of trauma-related disorders mediating enduring neurobiological correlates of trauma through maladaptive stress regulation. Understanding the mechanisms susceptible to circadian dysregulation and their role in stress-related disorders could provide new insights into disease mechanisms, advancing psychochronobiological treatment possibilities and preventive strategies in stress-exposed populations.
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spelling pubmed-69975412020-02-11 Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress Agorastos, Agorastos Nicolaides, Nicolas C. Bozikas, Vasilios P. Chrousos, George P. Pervanidou, Panagiota Front Psychiatry Psychiatry The dramatic fluctuations in energy demands by the rhythmic succession of night and day on our planet has prompted a geophysical evolutionary need for biological temporal organization across phylogeny. The intrinsic circadian timing system (CS) represents a highly conserved and sophisticated internal “clock,” adjusted to the 24-h rotation period of the earth, enabling a nyctohemeral coordination of numerous physiologic processes, from gene expression to behavior. The human CS is tightly and bidirectionally interconnected to the stress system (SS). Both systems are fundamental for survival and regulate each other’s activity in order to prepare the organism for the anticipated cyclic challenges. Thereby, the understanding of the temporal relationship between stressors and stress responses is critical for the comprehension of the molecular basis of physiology and pathogenesis of disease. A critical loss of the harmonious timed order at different organizational levels may affect the fundamental properties of neuroendocrine, immune, and autonomic systems, leading to a breakdown of biobehavioral adaptative mechanisms with increased stress sensitivity and vulnerability. In this review, following an overview of the functional components of the SS and CS, we present their multilevel interactions and discuss how traumatic stress can alter the interplay between the two systems. Circadian dysregulation after traumatic stress exposure may represent a core feature of trauma-related disorders mediating enduring neurobiological correlates of trauma through maladaptive stress regulation. Understanding the mechanisms susceptible to circadian dysregulation and their role in stress-related disorders could provide new insights into disease mechanisms, advancing psychochronobiological treatment possibilities and preventive strategies in stress-exposed populations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6997541/ /pubmed/32047446 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01003 Text en Copyright © 2020 Agorastos, Nicolaides, Bozikas, Chrousos and Pervanidou http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychiatry
Agorastos, Agorastos
Nicolaides, Nicolas C.
Bozikas, Vasilios P.
Chrousos, George P.
Pervanidou, Panagiota
Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress
title Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress
title_full Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress
title_fullStr Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress
title_full_unstemmed Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress
title_short Multilevel Interactions of Stress and Circadian System: Implications for Traumatic Stress
title_sort multilevel interactions of stress and circadian system: implications for traumatic stress
topic Psychiatry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6997541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32047446
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.01003
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