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Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study
PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to investigate trends in the age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates in two distinct regions (the northern and southern areas) of South Africa covered by a population-based cancer registry. In addition, trends in coverage of the cervical cancer screening pr...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society of Clinical Oncology
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7000228/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031436 http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JGO.19.00198 |
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author | Somdyala, Nontuthuzelo I.M. Bradshaw, Debbie Dhansay, Muhammad A. Stefan, Daniela C. |
author_facet | Somdyala, Nontuthuzelo I.M. Bradshaw, Debbie Dhansay, Muhammad A. Stefan, Daniela C. |
author_sort | Somdyala, Nontuthuzelo I.M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to investigate trends in the age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates in two distinct regions (the northern and southern areas) of South Africa covered by a population-based cancer registry. In addition, trends in coverage of the cervical cancer screening program were assessed using routine health service data. METHODS: Occurrences (topography C53.0-C53.9) for the period 1998-2012 were extracted from a cancer registry database from which basic descriptive statistics and frequencies were analyzed for all variables using CanReg4. Trends over time were estimated using a direct standardization method and world standard population as a reference. Screening coverage annualized figures for women age ≥ 30 years by sub–health district were extracted from the District Health Information System. RESULTS: In the northern area, annual age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 women increased from 24.0 (95% CI, 21.1 to 27.0) in 1998-2002 to 39.0 (95% CI, 35.6 to 42.5) in 2008-2012, with a screening coverage rate of 15% by 2012. In contrast, no increase was observed in incidence in the southern area, with rates of 20.0 (95% CI, 18.5 to 21.4) in 1998-2002 and 18.8 (95% CI, 16.2 to 21.4) in 2008-2012, and the southern area had a higher screening coverage of 41% in 2012. Overall, the percentage distribution of stage at diagnosis showed that 28.5% of occurrences were diagnosed at disease stages I and II and 35%, at III and IV; 36% had with missing stage information (2003-2012). In 77% of occurrences, a histologically verified diagnosis was made, compared with only 12.3% by cytology. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated an almost two-fold increase in the incidence rate in the northern area but little change in the southern area of the cancer registry. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7000228 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | American Society of Clinical Oncology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70002282020-02-11 Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study Somdyala, Nontuthuzelo I.M. Bradshaw, Debbie Dhansay, Muhammad A. Stefan, Daniela C. JCO Glob Oncol Original Reports PURPOSE: In this study, we aimed to investigate trends in the age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates in two distinct regions (the northern and southern areas) of South Africa covered by a population-based cancer registry. In addition, trends in coverage of the cervical cancer screening program were assessed using routine health service data. METHODS: Occurrences (topography C53.0-C53.9) for the period 1998-2012 were extracted from a cancer registry database from which basic descriptive statistics and frequencies were analyzed for all variables using CanReg4. Trends over time were estimated using a direct standardization method and world standard population as a reference. Screening coverage annualized figures for women age ≥ 30 years by sub–health district were extracted from the District Health Information System. RESULTS: In the northern area, annual age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 women increased from 24.0 (95% CI, 21.1 to 27.0) in 1998-2002 to 39.0 (95% CI, 35.6 to 42.5) in 2008-2012, with a screening coverage rate of 15% by 2012. In contrast, no increase was observed in incidence in the southern area, with rates of 20.0 (95% CI, 18.5 to 21.4) in 1998-2002 and 18.8 (95% CI, 16.2 to 21.4) in 2008-2012, and the southern area had a higher screening coverage of 41% in 2012. Overall, the percentage distribution of stage at diagnosis showed that 28.5% of occurrences were diagnosed at disease stages I and II and 35%, at III and IV; 36% had with missing stage information (2003-2012). In 77% of occurrences, a histologically verified diagnosis was made, compared with only 12.3% by cytology. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated an almost two-fold increase in the incidence rate in the northern area but little change in the southern area of the cancer registry. American Society of Clinical Oncology 2020-01-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7000228/ /pubmed/32031436 http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JGO.19.00198 Text en © 2020 by American Society of Clinical Oncology https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Original Reports Somdyala, Nontuthuzelo I.M. Bradshaw, Debbie Dhansay, Muhammad A. Stefan, Daniela C. Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study |
title | Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study |
title_full | Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study |
title_fullStr | Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study |
title_short | Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study |
title_sort | increasing cervical cancer incidence in rural eastern cape province of south africa from 1998 to 2012: a population-based cancer registry study |
topic | Original Reports |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7000228/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32031436 http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JGO.19.00198 |
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