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Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease

Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between prenatal malnutrition and a higher risk of developing metabolic disease in adult life. An inadequate intrauterine milieu affects both growth and development, leading to a permanent programming of endocrine and metabolic functions. Programming...

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Autores principales: Deodati, Annalisa, Inzaghi, Elena, Cianfarani, Stefano
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7000755/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32082357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.01270
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author Deodati, Annalisa
Inzaghi, Elena
Cianfarani, Stefano
author_facet Deodati, Annalisa
Inzaghi, Elena
Cianfarani, Stefano
author_sort Deodati, Annalisa
collection PubMed
description Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between prenatal malnutrition and a higher risk of developing metabolic disease in adult life. An inadequate intrauterine milieu affects both growth and development, leading to a permanent programming of endocrine and metabolic functions. Programming may be due to the epigenetic modification of genes implicated in the regulation of key metabolic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs (miRNAs). The expression of miRNAs in organs that play a key role in metabolism is influenced by in utero programming, as demonstrated by both experimental and human studies. miRNAs modulate multiple pathways such as insulin signaling, immune responses, adipokine function, lipid metabolism, and food intake. Liver is one of the main target organs of programming, undergoing structural, functional, and epigenetic changes following the exposure to a suboptimal intrauterine environment. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of exposure to an adverse in utero milieu on epigenome with a focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in liver programming.
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spelling pubmed-70007552020-02-20 Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease Deodati, Annalisa Inzaghi, Elena Cianfarani, Stefano Front Genet Genetics Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between prenatal malnutrition and a higher risk of developing metabolic disease in adult life. An inadequate intrauterine milieu affects both growth and development, leading to a permanent programming of endocrine and metabolic functions. Programming may be due to the epigenetic modification of genes implicated in the regulation of key metabolic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs (miRNAs). The expression of miRNAs in organs that play a key role in metabolism is influenced by in utero programming, as demonstrated by both experimental and human studies. miRNAs modulate multiple pathways such as insulin signaling, immune responses, adipokine function, lipid metabolism, and food intake. Liver is one of the main target organs of programming, undergoing structural, functional, and epigenetic changes following the exposure to a suboptimal intrauterine environment. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of exposure to an adverse in utero milieu on epigenome with a focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in liver programming. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-01-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7000755/ /pubmed/32082357 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.01270 Text en Copyright © 2020 Deodati, Inzaghi and Cianfarani http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Deodati, Annalisa
Inzaghi, Elena
Cianfarani, Stefano
Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease
title Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease
title_full Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease
title_fullStr Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease
title_full_unstemmed Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease
title_short Epigenetics and In Utero Acquired Predisposition to Metabolic Disease
title_sort epigenetics and in utero acquired predisposition to metabolic disease
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7000755/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32082357
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.01270
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