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Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions

Persons with aphasia (PWA) often report difficulty understanding spoken language in noisy environments that require listeners to identify and selectively attend to target speech while ignoring competing background sounds or “maskers.” This study compared the performance of PWA and age-matched health...

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Autores principales: Villard, Sarah, Kidd, Gerald
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: SAGE Publications 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7000861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31694486
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216519884480
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author Villard, Sarah
Kidd, Gerald
author_facet Villard, Sarah
Kidd, Gerald
author_sort Villard, Sarah
collection PubMed
description Persons with aphasia (PWA) often report difficulty understanding spoken language in noisy environments that require listeners to identify and selectively attend to target speech while ignoring competing background sounds or “maskers.” This study compared the performance of PWA and age-matched healthy controls (HC) on a masked speech identification task and examined the consequences of different types of masking on performance. Twelve PWA and 12 age-matched HC completed a speech identification task comprising three conditions designed to differentiate between the effects of energetic and informational masking on receptive speech processing. The target and masker speech materials were taken from a closed-set matrix-style corpus, and a forced-choice word identification task was used. Target and maskers were spatially separated from one another in order to simulate real-world listening environments and allow listeners to make use of binaural cues for source segregation. Individualized frequency-specific gain was applied to compensate for the effects of hearing loss. Although both groups showed similar susceptibility to the effects of energetic masking, PWA were more susceptible than age-matched HC to the effects of informational masking. Results indicate that this increased susceptibility cannot be attributed to age, hearing loss, or comprehension deficits and is therefore a consequence of acquired cognitive-linguistic impairments associated with aphasia. This finding suggests that aphasia may result in increased difficulty segregating target speech from masker speech, which in turn may have implications for the ability of PWA to comprehend target speech in multitalker environments, such as restaurants, family gatherings, and other everyday situations.
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spelling pubmed-70008612020-02-27 Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions Villard, Sarah Kidd, Gerald Trends Hear Original Article Persons with aphasia (PWA) often report difficulty understanding spoken language in noisy environments that require listeners to identify and selectively attend to target speech while ignoring competing background sounds or “maskers.” This study compared the performance of PWA and age-matched healthy controls (HC) on a masked speech identification task and examined the consequences of different types of masking on performance. Twelve PWA and 12 age-matched HC completed a speech identification task comprising three conditions designed to differentiate between the effects of energetic and informational masking on receptive speech processing. The target and masker speech materials were taken from a closed-set matrix-style corpus, and a forced-choice word identification task was used. Target and maskers were spatially separated from one another in order to simulate real-world listening environments and allow listeners to make use of binaural cues for source segregation. Individualized frequency-specific gain was applied to compensate for the effects of hearing loss. Although both groups showed similar susceptibility to the effects of energetic masking, PWA were more susceptible than age-matched HC to the effects of informational masking. Results indicate that this increased susceptibility cannot be attributed to age, hearing loss, or comprehension deficits and is therefore a consequence of acquired cognitive-linguistic impairments associated with aphasia. This finding suggests that aphasia may result in increased difficulty segregating target speech from masker speech, which in turn may have implications for the ability of PWA to comprehend target speech in multitalker environments, such as restaurants, family gatherings, and other everyday situations. SAGE Publications 2019-11-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7000861/ /pubmed/31694486 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216519884480 Text en © The Author(s) 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
spellingShingle Original Article
Villard, Sarah
Kidd, Gerald
Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions
title Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions
title_full Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions
title_fullStr Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions
title_short Effects of Acquired Aphasia on the Recognition of Speech Under Energetic and Informational Masking Conditions
title_sort effects of acquired aphasia on the recognition of speech under energetic and informational masking conditions
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7000861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31694486
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216519884480
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