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Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition, with biological models implicating disruption of cortically mediated inhibitory control pathways, ordinarily serving to regulate our environmental responses and habits. The aim of this study was to evaluate in...

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Autores principales: Hampshire, Adam, Zadel, Ana, Sandrone, Stefano, Soreq, Eyal, Fineberg, Naomi, Bullmore, Edward T., Robbins, Trevor W., Sahakian, Barbara J., Chamberlain, Samuel R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier, Inc 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7003031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31806485
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.09.010
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author Hampshire, Adam
Zadel, Ana
Sandrone, Stefano
Soreq, Eyal
Fineberg, Naomi
Bullmore, Edward T.
Robbins, Trevor W.
Sahakian, Barbara J.
Chamberlain, Samuel R.
author_facet Hampshire, Adam
Zadel, Ana
Sandrone, Stefano
Soreq, Eyal
Fineberg, Naomi
Bullmore, Edward T.
Robbins, Trevor W.
Sahakian, Barbara J.
Chamberlain, Samuel R.
author_sort Hampshire, Adam
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition, with biological models implicating disruption of cortically mediated inhibitory control pathways, ordinarily serving to regulate our environmental responses and habits. The aim of this study was to evaluate inhibition-related cortical dysconnectivity as a novel candidate vulnerability marker of OCD. METHODS: In total, 20 patients with OCD, 18 clinically asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with OCD, and 20 control participants took part in a neuroimaging study comprising a functional magnetic resonance imaging stop signal task. Brain activations during the contrasts of interest were cluster thresholded, and a three-dimensional watershed algorithm was used to decompose activation maps into discrete clusters. Functional connections between these key neural nodes were examined using a generalized psychophysiological interaction model. RESULTS: The three groups did not differ in terms of age, education level, gender, IQ, or behavioral task parameters. Patients with OCD exhibited hyperactivation of the bilateral occipital cortex during the task versus the other groups. Compared with control participants, patients with OCD and their relatives exhibited significantly reduced connectivity between neural nodes, including frontal cortical, middle occipital cortical, and cerebellar regions, during the stop signal task. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that hypoconnectivity between anterior and posterior cortical regions during inhibitory control represents a candidate vulnerability marker for OCD. Such vulnerability markers, if found to generalize, may be valuable to shed light on etiological processes contributing not only to OCD but also obsessive-compulsive–related disorders more widely.
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spelling pubmed-70030312020-02-10 Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Hampshire, Adam Zadel, Ana Sandrone, Stefano Soreq, Eyal Fineberg, Naomi Bullmore, Edward T. Robbins, Trevor W. Sahakian, Barbara J. Chamberlain, Samuel R. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging Article BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition, with biological models implicating disruption of cortically mediated inhibitory control pathways, ordinarily serving to regulate our environmental responses and habits. The aim of this study was to evaluate inhibition-related cortical dysconnectivity as a novel candidate vulnerability marker of OCD. METHODS: In total, 20 patients with OCD, 18 clinically asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with OCD, and 20 control participants took part in a neuroimaging study comprising a functional magnetic resonance imaging stop signal task. Brain activations during the contrasts of interest were cluster thresholded, and a three-dimensional watershed algorithm was used to decompose activation maps into discrete clusters. Functional connections between these key neural nodes were examined using a generalized psychophysiological interaction model. RESULTS: The three groups did not differ in terms of age, education level, gender, IQ, or behavioral task parameters. Patients with OCD exhibited hyperactivation of the bilateral occipital cortex during the task versus the other groups. Compared with control participants, patients with OCD and their relatives exhibited significantly reduced connectivity between neural nodes, including frontal cortical, middle occipital cortical, and cerebellar regions, during the stop signal task. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that hypoconnectivity between anterior and posterior cortical regions during inhibitory control represents a candidate vulnerability marker for OCD. Such vulnerability markers, if found to generalize, may be valuable to shed light on etiological processes contributing not only to OCD but also obsessive-compulsive–related disorders more widely. Elsevier, Inc 2020-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7003031/ /pubmed/31806485 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.09.010 Text en © 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hampshire, Adam
Zadel, Ana
Sandrone, Stefano
Soreq, Eyal
Fineberg, Naomi
Bullmore, Edward T.
Robbins, Trevor W.
Sahakian, Barbara J.
Chamberlain, Samuel R.
Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_full Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_fullStr Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_full_unstemmed Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_short Inhibition-Related Cortical Hypoconnectivity as a Candidate Vulnerability Marker for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
title_sort inhibition-related cortical hypoconnectivity as a candidate vulnerability marker for obsessive-compulsive disorder
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7003031/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31806485
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.09.010
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