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Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients
Previous studies indicated that hardware removal may lead to increased morbidity and therefore, at least in adults, remains questionable for certain indications. However, risks such as corrosion or local reactions may be less likely in younger patients with current, improved hardware materials. We s...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer Health
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7004601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32000443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000019010 |
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author | Scheider, Philipp Ganger, Rudolf Farr, Sebastian |
author_facet | Scheider, Philipp Ganger, Rudolf Farr, Sebastian |
author_sort | Scheider, Philipp |
collection | PubMed |
description | Previous studies indicated that hardware removal may lead to increased morbidity and therefore, at least in adults, remains questionable for certain indications. However, risks such as corrosion or local reactions may be less likely in younger patients with current, improved hardware materials. We sought to retrospectively determine complication rates of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery, and establish potential risk factors for increased morbidity. All children and adolescents who underwent inpatient hardware removal under anesthesia after previous upper limb surgery between 2002 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. The following details were extracted at the latest follow-up: demographics, implant location, hardware material, duration of surgery, duration of hardware in situ, and any complications graded according to Goslings et al (grade 0–5) and Sink et al (grade 1–5), respectively. Correlations were calculated to establish potential relationships between specific outcome parameters (e.g., location, duration of surgery etc.) and complication grades. A total of 2089 children were evaluated of whom 317 patients with 449 interventions (mean age 9.4 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this study. Overall, 203 K-wires (46%), 97 plates (22%), 102 external fixators (23%), 32 intramedullary nails (7%), 6 screws (1%), 4 cerclages (1%) and 1 pin (0.2%) were removed; most common locations were the forearm (34%) and humerus (24%). The mean duration of surgery was 40 minutes (± 50.9), mean time in situ was 194 days (± 319.6). Complication rates were low overall, with most being grade 0 (n = 372; 83%) or 1 (n = 60; 13%) according to Goslings et al and grade 1 (n = 386; 86%) and 2 (n = 42; 9%) according to Sink et al. No severe complications were observed. The following predictors were related to the severity of the complications in linear regression analysis: more distal localizations, external fixators, longer duration of surgery and female sex. Hardware removal under anesthesia in the pediatric upper extremity has produced a low complication rate with no severe complications and can thus be considered to be safe. Increased morbidity occurred in more distal localizations, external fixators, longer surgeries and females. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7004601 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Wolters Kluwer Health |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70046012020-02-18 Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients Scheider, Philipp Ganger, Rudolf Farr, Sebastian Medicine (Baltimore) 7100 Previous studies indicated that hardware removal may lead to increased morbidity and therefore, at least in adults, remains questionable for certain indications. However, risks such as corrosion or local reactions may be less likely in younger patients with current, improved hardware materials. We sought to retrospectively determine complication rates of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery, and establish potential risk factors for increased morbidity. All children and adolescents who underwent inpatient hardware removal under anesthesia after previous upper limb surgery between 2002 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. The following details were extracted at the latest follow-up: demographics, implant location, hardware material, duration of surgery, duration of hardware in situ, and any complications graded according to Goslings et al (grade 0–5) and Sink et al (grade 1–5), respectively. Correlations were calculated to establish potential relationships between specific outcome parameters (e.g., location, duration of surgery etc.) and complication grades. A total of 2089 children were evaluated of whom 317 patients with 449 interventions (mean age 9.4 years) fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this study. Overall, 203 K-wires (46%), 97 plates (22%), 102 external fixators (23%), 32 intramedullary nails (7%), 6 screws (1%), 4 cerclages (1%) and 1 pin (0.2%) were removed; most common locations were the forearm (34%) and humerus (24%). The mean duration of surgery was 40 minutes (± 50.9), mean time in situ was 194 days (± 319.6). Complication rates were low overall, with most being grade 0 (n = 372; 83%) or 1 (n = 60; 13%) according to Goslings et al and grade 1 (n = 386; 86%) and 2 (n = 42; 9%) according to Sink et al. No severe complications were observed. The following predictors were related to the severity of the complications in linear regression analysis: more distal localizations, external fixators, longer duration of surgery and female sex. Hardware removal under anesthesia in the pediatric upper extremity has produced a low complication rate with no severe complications and can thus be considered to be safe. Increased morbidity occurred in more distal localizations, external fixators, longer surgeries and females. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level IV. Wolters Kluwer Health 2020-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC7004601/ /pubmed/32000443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000019010 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
spellingShingle | 7100 Scheider, Philipp Ganger, Rudolf Farr, Sebastian Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
title | Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
title_full | Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
title_fullStr | Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
title_short | Complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: A retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
title_sort | complications of hardware removal in pediatric upper limb surgery: a retrospective single-center study of 317 patients |
topic | 7100 |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7004601/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32000443 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000019010 |
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