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A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain
Violence seems deeply rooted in human nature and an endemic potential for such is today frequently associated with differing ethnic, religious or socio-economic backgrounds. Ethnic nepotism is believed to be one of the main causes of inter-group violence in multi-ethnic societies. At the site of Els...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7005801/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32034181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58483-9 |
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author | Alt, Kurt W. Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina Nicklisch, Nicole Roth, David Szécsényi Nagy, Anna Knipper, Corina Lindauer, Susanne Held, Petra de Lagrán, Íñigo García Martínez Schulz, Georg Schuerch, Thomas Thieringer, Florian Brantner, Philipp Brandt, Guido Israel, Nicole Arcusa Magallón, Héctor Meyer, Christian Mende, Balazs G. Enzmann, Frieder Dresely, Veit Ramsthaler, Frank Guillén, José Ignacio Royo Scheurer, Eva López Montalvo, Esther Garrido Pena, Rafael Pichler, Sandra L. Guerra, Manuel A. Rojo |
author_facet | Alt, Kurt W. Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina Nicklisch, Nicole Roth, David Szécsényi Nagy, Anna Knipper, Corina Lindauer, Susanne Held, Petra de Lagrán, Íñigo García Martínez Schulz, Georg Schuerch, Thomas Thieringer, Florian Brantner, Philipp Brandt, Guido Israel, Nicole Arcusa Magallón, Héctor Meyer, Christian Mende, Balazs G. Enzmann, Frieder Dresely, Veit Ramsthaler, Frank Guillén, José Ignacio Royo Scheurer, Eva López Montalvo, Esther Garrido Pena, Rafael Pichler, Sandra L. Guerra, Manuel A. Rojo |
author_sort | Alt, Kurt W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Violence seems deeply rooted in human nature and an endemic potential for such is today frequently associated with differing ethnic, religious or socio-economic backgrounds. Ethnic nepotism is believed to be one of the main causes of inter-group violence in multi-ethnic societies. At the site of Els Trocs in the Spanish Pyrenees, rivalling groups of either migrating early farmers or farmers and indigenous hunter-gatherers collided violently around 5300 BCE. This clash apparently resulted in a massacre of the Els Trocs farmers. The overkill reaction was possibly triggered by xenophobia or massive disputes over resources or privileges. In the present, violence and xenophobia are controlled and sanctioned through social codes of conduct and institutions. So that, rather than representing an insurmountable evolutionary inheritance, violence and ethnic nepotism can be overcome and a sustainable future achieved through mutual respect, tolerance and openness to multi-ethnic societies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7005801 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70058012020-02-18 A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain Alt, Kurt W. Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina Nicklisch, Nicole Roth, David Szécsényi Nagy, Anna Knipper, Corina Lindauer, Susanne Held, Petra de Lagrán, Íñigo García Martínez Schulz, Georg Schuerch, Thomas Thieringer, Florian Brantner, Philipp Brandt, Guido Israel, Nicole Arcusa Magallón, Héctor Meyer, Christian Mende, Balazs G. Enzmann, Frieder Dresely, Veit Ramsthaler, Frank Guillén, José Ignacio Royo Scheurer, Eva López Montalvo, Esther Garrido Pena, Rafael Pichler, Sandra L. Guerra, Manuel A. Rojo Sci Rep Article Violence seems deeply rooted in human nature and an endemic potential for such is today frequently associated with differing ethnic, religious or socio-economic backgrounds. Ethnic nepotism is believed to be one of the main causes of inter-group violence in multi-ethnic societies. At the site of Els Trocs in the Spanish Pyrenees, rivalling groups of either migrating early farmers or farmers and indigenous hunter-gatherers collided violently around 5300 BCE. This clash apparently resulted in a massacre of the Els Trocs farmers. The overkill reaction was possibly triggered by xenophobia or massive disputes over resources or privileges. In the present, violence and xenophobia are controlled and sanctioned through social codes of conduct and institutions. So that, rather than representing an insurmountable evolutionary inheritance, violence and ethnic nepotism can be overcome and a sustainable future achieved through mutual respect, tolerance and openness to multi-ethnic societies. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7005801/ /pubmed/32034181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58483-9 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Alt, Kurt W. Tejedor Rodríguez, Cristina Nicklisch, Nicole Roth, David Szécsényi Nagy, Anna Knipper, Corina Lindauer, Susanne Held, Petra de Lagrán, Íñigo García Martínez Schulz, Georg Schuerch, Thomas Thieringer, Florian Brantner, Philipp Brandt, Guido Israel, Nicole Arcusa Magallón, Héctor Meyer, Christian Mende, Balazs G. Enzmann, Frieder Dresely, Veit Ramsthaler, Frank Guillén, José Ignacio Royo Scheurer, Eva López Montalvo, Esther Garrido Pena, Rafael Pichler, Sandra L. Guerra, Manuel A. Rojo A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain |
title | A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain |
title_full | A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain |
title_fullStr | A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain |
title_full_unstemmed | A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain |
title_short | A massacre of early Neolithic farmers in the high Pyrenees at Els Trocs, Spain |
title_sort | massacre of early neolithic farmers in the high pyrenees at els trocs, spain |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7005801/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32034181 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-58483-9 |
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