Transcatheter Device Closure of Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect in Pediatric Patients: Long-Term Outcomes

AIMS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter device closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects in pediatric patients at long-term follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively studied 376 patients with perimembranous VSDs between September 2008 and December 2015 who underwent percutaneous closure at our center. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and electrocardiogram were done before and after the procedure in all the patients. All patients were subjected to follow-up evaluation at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, and annually thereafter with TTE and electrocardiogram. RESULTS: A total of 376 patients (210 males and 166 females) underwent transcatheter closure of perimembranous VSD. Mean age of patients was 8.67 ± 3.02 (range 3–18 years) and mean weight was 21.15 ± 8.31 (range 8–65 kg). The procedure was carried out successfully in 98.93% of patients with no reported mortality. Rhythm disturbances occurred in 8.5% of patients after the procedure which included three cases of complete atrioventricular block. CONCLUSION: This study shows that in experienced hands transcatheter closure of perimembrnous VSD is safe and effective at long-term follow-up. With minimal morbidity and no mortality, the transcatheter is an effective alternative to surgical closure in selected patients.