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An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †

When an ultrasonic sensor generates an ultrasonic wave and detects an obstacle from a reflected wave, a signal transmitted by other ultrasonic sensors would be interference. In this paper, to overcome the interference, a transducer transmits a signal with a unique ID modulated. The interference is i...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yi, Donghee, Jin, Heetae, Kim, Moon Chan, Kim, Suk Chan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7013867/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31940790
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020414
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author Yi, Donghee
Jin, Heetae
Kim, Moon Chan
Kim, Suk Chan
author_facet Yi, Donghee
Jin, Heetae
Kim, Moon Chan
Kim, Suk Chan
author_sort Yi, Donghee
collection PubMed
description When an ultrasonic sensor generates an ultrasonic wave and detects an obstacle from a reflected wave, a signal transmitted by other ultrasonic sensors would be interference. In this paper, to overcome the interference, a transducer transmits a signal with a unique ID modulated. The interference is ignored by verifying that the reflected signal includes its ID. The ID verification process uses a correlation between the received signal and the ID. Therefore, the ID is selected from orthogonal codes with good cross-correlation. Long code has the advantage of being more robust to interference. However, the reflected wave from nearby obstacles might return before the transmission ends. Therefore, the 7-bit Barker code is applied for near obstacle detection and a 31-bit Gold code is used for distant obstacle detection. The modulation technique is DQPSK, which is available in a narrow bandwidth and has a simple receiver structure. In ID recognition based on correlation, a near–far problem occurs due to a large amplitude difference between the received wave and interference. The addition of a zero-crossing detector solves this problem. The hardware is implemented based on the algorithm proposed in this paper. The simulation showed a detection rate of at least 90% and the the result of the real measurement represented a detection rate of 97.3% at 0.5 m and 94.5% at 2 m.
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spelling pubmed-70138672020-03-09 An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle † Yi, Donghee Jin, Heetae Kim, Moon Chan Kim, Suk Chan Sensors (Basel) Article When an ultrasonic sensor generates an ultrasonic wave and detects an obstacle from a reflected wave, a signal transmitted by other ultrasonic sensors would be interference. In this paper, to overcome the interference, a transducer transmits a signal with a unique ID modulated. The interference is ignored by verifying that the reflected signal includes its ID. The ID verification process uses a correlation between the received signal and the ID. Therefore, the ID is selected from orthogonal codes with good cross-correlation. Long code has the advantage of being more robust to interference. However, the reflected wave from nearby obstacles might return before the transmission ends. Therefore, the 7-bit Barker code is applied for near obstacle detection and a 31-bit Gold code is used for distant obstacle detection. The modulation technique is DQPSK, which is available in a narrow bandwidth and has a simple receiver structure. In ID recognition based on correlation, a near–far problem occurs due to a large amplitude difference between the received wave and interference. The addition of a zero-crossing detector solves this problem. The hardware is implemented based on the algorithm proposed in this paper. The simulation showed a detection rate of at least 90% and the the result of the real measurement represented a detection rate of 97.3% at 0.5 m and 94.5% at 2 m. MDPI 2020-01-11 /pmc/articles/PMC7013867/ /pubmed/31940790 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020414 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yi, Donghee
Jin, Heetae
Kim, Moon Chan
Kim, Suk Chan
An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †
title An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †
title_full An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †
title_fullStr An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †
title_full_unstemmed An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †
title_short An Ultrasonic Object Detection Applying the ID Based on Spread Spectrum Technique for a Vehicle †
title_sort ultrasonic object detection applying the id based on spread spectrum technique for a vehicle †
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7013867/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31940790
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020414
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