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Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes millions of illnesses every year, threatening the success of lifesaving antibiotic therapy and, thus, public health. To examine the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance around the world, our study performs a multivariate statistical analysis of antimicrob...

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Autores principales: Yang, Katherine, Wang, Annie, Fu, Matthew, Wang, Aaron, Chen, Kevin, Jia, Qian, Huang, Zuyi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7014410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31936874
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020472
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author Yang, Katherine
Wang, Annie
Fu, Matthew
Wang, Aaron
Chen, Kevin
Jia, Qian
Huang, Zuyi
author_facet Yang, Katherine
Wang, Annie
Fu, Matthew
Wang, Aaron
Chen, Kevin
Jia, Qian
Huang, Zuyi
author_sort Yang, Katherine
collection PubMed
description Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes millions of illnesses every year, threatening the success of lifesaving antibiotic therapy and, thus, public health. To examine the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance around the world, our study performs a multivariate statistical analysis of antimicrobial resistance gene data from eight different countries: the US, the UK, China, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. Multi-dimensional data points were projected onto a two-dimensional plane using principal component analysis and organized into a dendrogram utilizing hierarchical clustering to identify significant AMR genes and pathogens. Outlier genes/pathogens were typically involved in high occurrences of antimicrobial resistance, and they were able to indicate the trend of antimicrobial resistance in the future. Statistical analysis of the data identified: (1) tet(A), aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaEC, blaTEM-1, qacEdelta1, sul1, sul2, and aadA1 as the nine most common AMR genes among the studied countries; (2) Salmonella enterica and E. coli and Shigella as the most common AMR foodborne pathogens; and (3) chicken as the most prevalent meat carrier of antimicrobial resistance. Our study shows that the overall number of reported antimicrobial resistance cases in foodborne pathogens is generally rising. One potential contributing factor for this is the increasing antimicrobial usage in the growing livestock industry.
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spelling pubmed-70144102020-03-09 Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data Yang, Katherine Wang, Annie Fu, Matthew Wang, Aaron Chen, Kevin Jia, Qian Huang, Zuyi Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes millions of illnesses every year, threatening the success of lifesaving antibiotic therapy and, thus, public health. To examine the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance around the world, our study performs a multivariate statistical analysis of antimicrobial resistance gene data from eight different countries: the US, the UK, China, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. Multi-dimensional data points were projected onto a two-dimensional plane using principal component analysis and organized into a dendrogram utilizing hierarchical clustering to identify significant AMR genes and pathogens. Outlier genes/pathogens were typically involved in high occurrences of antimicrobial resistance, and they were able to indicate the trend of antimicrobial resistance in the future. Statistical analysis of the data identified: (1) tet(A), aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaEC, blaTEM-1, qacEdelta1, sul1, sul2, and aadA1 as the nine most common AMR genes among the studied countries; (2) Salmonella enterica and E. coli and Shigella as the most common AMR foodborne pathogens; and (3) chicken as the most prevalent meat carrier of antimicrobial resistance. Our study shows that the overall number of reported antimicrobial resistance cases in foodborne pathogens is generally rising. One potential contributing factor for this is the increasing antimicrobial usage in the growing livestock industry. MDPI 2020-01-10 2020-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7014410/ /pubmed/31936874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020472 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Yang, Katherine
Wang, Annie
Fu, Matthew
Wang, Aaron
Chen, Kevin
Jia, Qian
Huang, Zuyi
Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
title Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
title_full Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
title_fullStr Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
title_short Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
title_sort investigation of incidents and trends of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens in eight countries from historical sample data
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7014410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31936874
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020472
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