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Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes millions of illnesses every year, threatening the success of lifesaving antibiotic therapy and, thus, public health. To examine the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance around the world, our study performs a multivariate statistical analysis of antimicrob...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7014410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31936874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020472 |
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author | Yang, Katherine Wang, Annie Fu, Matthew Wang, Aaron Chen, Kevin Jia, Qian Huang, Zuyi |
author_facet | Yang, Katherine Wang, Annie Fu, Matthew Wang, Aaron Chen, Kevin Jia, Qian Huang, Zuyi |
author_sort | Yang, Katherine |
collection | PubMed |
description | Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes millions of illnesses every year, threatening the success of lifesaving antibiotic therapy and, thus, public health. To examine the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance around the world, our study performs a multivariate statistical analysis of antimicrobial resistance gene data from eight different countries: the US, the UK, China, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. Multi-dimensional data points were projected onto a two-dimensional plane using principal component analysis and organized into a dendrogram utilizing hierarchical clustering to identify significant AMR genes and pathogens. Outlier genes/pathogens were typically involved in high occurrences of antimicrobial resistance, and they were able to indicate the trend of antimicrobial resistance in the future. Statistical analysis of the data identified: (1) tet(A), aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaEC, blaTEM-1, qacEdelta1, sul1, sul2, and aadA1 as the nine most common AMR genes among the studied countries; (2) Salmonella enterica and E. coli and Shigella as the most common AMR foodborne pathogens; and (3) chicken as the most prevalent meat carrier of antimicrobial resistance. Our study shows that the overall number of reported antimicrobial resistance cases in foodborne pathogens is generally rising. One potential contributing factor for this is the increasing antimicrobial usage in the growing livestock industry. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7014410 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70144102020-03-09 Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data Yang, Katherine Wang, Annie Fu, Matthew Wang, Aaron Chen, Kevin Jia, Qian Huang, Zuyi Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) causes millions of illnesses every year, threatening the success of lifesaving antibiotic therapy and, thus, public health. To examine the rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance around the world, our study performs a multivariate statistical analysis of antimicrobial resistance gene data from eight different countries: the US, the UK, China, Brazil, Mexico, Canada, Australia, and South Africa. Multi-dimensional data points were projected onto a two-dimensional plane using principal component analysis and organized into a dendrogram utilizing hierarchical clustering to identify significant AMR genes and pathogens. Outlier genes/pathogens were typically involved in high occurrences of antimicrobial resistance, and they were able to indicate the trend of antimicrobial resistance in the future. Statistical analysis of the data identified: (1) tet(A), aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaEC, blaTEM-1, qacEdelta1, sul1, sul2, and aadA1 as the nine most common AMR genes among the studied countries; (2) Salmonella enterica and E. coli and Shigella as the most common AMR foodborne pathogens; and (3) chicken as the most prevalent meat carrier of antimicrobial resistance. Our study shows that the overall number of reported antimicrobial resistance cases in foodborne pathogens is generally rising. One potential contributing factor for this is the increasing antimicrobial usage in the growing livestock industry. MDPI 2020-01-10 2020-01 /pmc/articles/PMC7014410/ /pubmed/31936874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020472 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Yang, Katherine Wang, Annie Fu, Matthew Wang, Aaron Chen, Kevin Jia, Qian Huang, Zuyi Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data |
title | Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data |
title_full | Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data |
title_fullStr | Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data |
title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data |
title_short | Investigation of Incidents and Trends of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens in Eight Countries from Historical Sample Data |
title_sort | investigation of incidents and trends of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens in eight countries from historical sample data |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7014410/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31936874 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020472 |
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