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Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States
Background: The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact on health care costs if United States (US) adults increased their dairy consumption to meet Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations. Methods: Risk estimates from recent meta-analyses quantifying the association between da...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019333/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31963237 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010233 |
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author | Scrafford, Carolyn G. Bi, Xiaoyu Multani, Jasjit K. Murphy, Mary M. Schmier, Jordana K. Barraj, Leila M. |
author_facet | Scrafford, Carolyn G. Bi, Xiaoyu Multani, Jasjit K. Murphy, Mary M. Schmier, Jordana K. Barraj, Leila M. |
author_sort | Scrafford, Carolyn G. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact on health care costs if United States (US) adults increased their dairy consumption to meet Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations. Methods: Risk estimates from recent meta-analyses quantifying the association between dairy consumption and health outcomes were combined with the increase in dairy consumption under two scenarios where population mean dairy intakes from the 2015–2016 What We Eat in America were increased to meet the DGA recommendations: (1) according to proportions by type as specified in US Department of Agriculture Food Intake Patterns and (2) assuming the consumption of a single dairy type. The resulting change in risk was combined with published data on annual health care costs to estimate impact on costs. Health care costs were adjusted to account for potential double counting due to overlapping comorbidities of the health outcomes included. Results: Total dairy consumption among adults in the US was 1.49 cup-equivalents per day (c-eq/day), requiring an increase of 1.51 c-eq/day to meet the DGA recommendation. Annual cost savings of $12.5 billion (B) (range of $2.0B to $25.6B) were estimated based on total dairy consumption resulting from a reduction in stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and colorectal cancer and an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease and prostate cancer. Similar annual cost savings were estimated for an increase in low-fat dairy consumption ($14.1B; range of $0.8B to $27.9B). Among dairy sub-types, an increase of approximately 0.5 c-eq/day of yogurt consumption alone to help meet the DGA recommendations resulted in the highest annual cost savings of $32.5B (range of $16.5B to $52.8B), mostly driven by a reduction in type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Adoption of a dietary pattern with increased dairy consumption among adults in the US to meet DGA recommendations has the potential to provide billions of dollars in savings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7019333 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70193332020-03-09 Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States Scrafford, Carolyn G. Bi, Xiaoyu Multani, Jasjit K. Murphy, Mary M. Schmier, Jordana K. Barraj, Leila M. Nutrients Article Background: The purpose of this study is to estimate the impact on health care costs if United States (US) adults increased their dairy consumption to meet Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations. Methods: Risk estimates from recent meta-analyses quantifying the association between dairy consumption and health outcomes were combined with the increase in dairy consumption under two scenarios where population mean dairy intakes from the 2015–2016 What We Eat in America were increased to meet the DGA recommendations: (1) according to proportions by type as specified in US Department of Agriculture Food Intake Patterns and (2) assuming the consumption of a single dairy type. The resulting change in risk was combined with published data on annual health care costs to estimate impact on costs. Health care costs were adjusted to account for potential double counting due to overlapping comorbidities of the health outcomes included. Results: Total dairy consumption among adults in the US was 1.49 cup-equivalents per day (c-eq/day), requiring an increase of 1.51 c-eq/day to meet the DGA recommendation. Annual cost savings of $12.5 billion (B) (range of $2.0B to $25.6B) were estimated based on total dairy consumption resulting from a reduction in stroke, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and colorectal cancer and an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease and prostate cancer. Similar annual cost savings were estimated for an increase in low-fat dairy consumption ($14.1B; range of $0.8B to $27.9B). Among dairy sub-types, an increase of approximately 0.5 c-eq/day of yogurt consumption alone to help meet the DGA recommendations resulted in the highest annual cost savings of $32.5B (range of $16.5B to $52.8B), mostly driven by a reduction in type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: Adoption of a dietary pattern with increased dairy consumption among adults in the US to meet DGA recommendations has the potential to provide billions of dollars in savings. MDPI 2020-01-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7019333/ /pubmed/31963237 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010233 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Scrafford, Carolyn G. Bi, Xiaoyu Multani, Jasjit K. Murphy, Mary M. Schmier, Jordana K. Barraj, Leila M. Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States |
title | Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States |
title_full | Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States |
title_fullStr | Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States |
title_short | Health Care Costs and Savings Associated with Increased Dairy Consumption among Adults in the United States |
title_sort | health care costs and savings associated with increased dairy consumption among adults in the united states |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019333/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31963237 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010233 |
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