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Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients
Background: Gender affects the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The classic OSA symptoms, such as sleepiness, snoring, and apnea, are not so frequent in women. Objectives: To evaluate possible gender differences in questionnaires used for OSA prediction, such as the Epworth Sl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019723/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31947711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010130 |
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author | Pataka, Athanasia Kotoulas, Seraphim Kalamaras, George Schiza, Sofia Sapalidis, Konstantinos Giannakidis, Dimitirios Michalopoulos, Nikolaos Koulouris, Charilaos Aidoni, Zoi Amaniti, Aikaterini Bouloukaki, Izoldi Chatzopoulos, Evangelos Romanidis, Konstantinos Oikonomou, Panagoula Steiropoulos, Paschalis Trakada, Georgia Vagionas, Anastasios Ioannidis, Aris Katsios, Iason Nikolaos Goganau, Alexandru Marian Zarogoulidis, Pavlos Kosmidis, Christoforos |
author_facet | Pataka, Athanasia Kotoulas, Seraphim Kalamaras, George Schiza, Sofia Sapalidis, Konstantinos Giannakidis, Dimitirios Michalopoulos, Nikolaos Koulouris, Charilaos Aidoni, Zoi Amaniti, Aikaterini Bouloukaki, Izoldi Chatzopoulos, Evangelos Romanidis, Konstantinos Oikonomou, Panagoula Steiropoulos, Paschalis Trakada, Georgia Vagionas, Anastasios Ioannidis, Aris Katsios, Iason Nikolaos Goganau, Alexandru Marian Zarogoulidis, Pavlos Kosmidis, Christoforos |
author_sort | Pataka, Athanasia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Gender affects the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The classic OSA symptoms, such as sleepiness, snoring, and apnea, are not so frequent in women. Objectives: To evaluate possible gender differences in questionnaires used for OSA prediction, such as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP, STOP Bang (SB), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Fatigue Scale (FS). Methods: 350 males were matched with 350 women referred to a sleep clinic, according to OSA severity. All responded to the questionnaires and underwent a sleep study. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients were separately analyzed. Results: ESS did not differ between genders. SB was higher in males, whereas STOP, BQ, AIS, and FS were higher in females. BQ presented the highest sensitivity in both genders, whereas STOP exhibited the highest specificity in males and ESS in females. AIS and FS were more sensitive and SB more specific in females, whereas BQ was more specific in males. For severe OSA, the predictive values of SB and BQ were almost similar for both genders; however AIS and FS were higher in women. CVD patients presented higher scores, independent of gender, except for AIS, which was higher in females. Conclusion: Gender-specific evaluation of questionnaires is necessary to prevent OSA under-diagnosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7019723 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70197232020-03-09 Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients Pataka, Athanasia Kotoulas, Seraphim Kalamaras, George Schiza, Sofia Sapalidis, Konstantinos Giannakidis, Dimitirios Michalopoulos, Nikolaos Koulouris, Charilaos Aidoni, Zoi Amaniti, Aikaterini Bouloukaki, Izoldi Chatzopoulos, Evangelos Romanidis, Konstantinos Oikonomou, Panagoula Steiropoulos, Paschalis Trakada, Georgia Vagionas, Anastasios Ioannidis, Aris Katsios, Iason Nikolaos Goganau, Alexandru Marian Zarogoulidis, Pavlos Kosmidis, Christoforos J Clin Med Article Background: Gender affects the clinical presentation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The classic OSA symptoms, such as sleepiness, snoring, and apnea, are not so frequent in women. Objectives: To evaluate possible gender differences in questionnaires used for OSA prediction, such as the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), STOP, STOP Bang (SB), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and Fatigue Scale (FS). Methods: 350 males were matched with 350 women referred to a sleep clinic, according to OSA severity. All responded to the questionnaires and underwent a sleep study. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients were separately analyzed. Results: ESS did not differ between genders. SB was higher in males, whereas STOP, BQ, AIS, and FS were higher in females. BQ presented the highest sensitivity in both genders, whereas STOP exhibited the highest specificity in males and ESS in females. AIS and FS were more sensitive and SB more specific in females, whereas BQ was more specific in males. For severe OSA, the predictive values of SB and BQ were almost similar for both genders; however AIS and FS were higher in women. CVD patients presented higher scores, independent of gender, except for AIS, which was higher in females. Conclusion: Gender-specific evaluation of questionnaires is necessary to prevent OSA under-diagnosis. MDPI 2020-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7019723/ /pubmed/31947711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010130 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pataka, Athanasia Kotoulas, Seraphim Kalamaras, George Schiza, Sofia Sapalidis, Konstantinos Giannakidis, Dimitirios Michalopoulos, Nikolaos Koulouris, Charilaos Aidoni, Zoi Amaniti, Aikaterini Bouloukaki, Izoldi Chatzopoulos, Evangelos Romanidis, Konstantinos Oikonomou, Panagoula Steiropoulos, Paschalis Trakada, Georgia Vagionas, Anastasios Ioannidis, Aris Katsios, Iason Nikolaos Goganau, Alexandru Marian Zarogoulidis, Pavlos Kosmidis, Christoforos Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients |
title | Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients |
title_full | Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients |
title_fullStr | Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients |
title_full_unstemmed | Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients |
title_short | Gender Differences in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Value of Sleep Questionnaires with a Separate Analysis of Cardiovascular Patients |
title_sort | gender differences in obstructive sleep apnea: the value of sleep questionnaires with a separate analysis of cardiovascular patients |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019723/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31947711 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010130 |
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