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Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and the elderly. The socioeconomic burden of RSV infection is substantial because it leads to serious respiratory problems, subsequent hospitalization, and mortality. Despite its clinical significance, a safe...

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Autores principales: Jung, Hi Eun, Kim, Tae Hoon, Lee, Heung Kyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7020095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31952261
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12010102
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author Jung, Hi Eun
Kim, Tae Hoon
Lee, Heung Kyu
author_facet Jung, Hi Eun
Kim, Tae Hoon
Lee, Heung Kyu
author_sort Jung, Hi Eun
collection PubMed
description Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and the elderly. The socioeconomic burden of RSV infection is substantial because it leads to serious respiratory problems, subsequent hospitalization, and mortality. Despite its clinical significance, a safe and effective vaccine is not yet available to prevent RSV infection. Upon RSV infection, lung dendritic cells (DCs) detecting pathogens migrate to the lymph nodes and activate the adaptive immune response. Therefore, RSV has evolved various immunomodulatory strategies to inhibit DC function. Due to the capacity of RSV to modulate defense mechanisms in hosts, RSV infection results in inappropriate activation of immune responses resulting in immunopathology and frequent reinfection throughout life. This review discusses how DCs recognize invading RSV and induce adaptive immune responses, as well as the regulatory mechanisms mediated by RSV to disrupt DC functions and ultimately avoid host defenses.
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spelling pubmed-70200952020-03-09 Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Jung, Hi Eun Kim, Tae Hoon Lee, Heung Kyu Viruses Review Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and the elderly. The socioeconomic burden of RSV infection is substantial because it leads to serious respiratory problems, subsequent hospitalization, and mortality. Despite its clinical significance, a safe and effective vaccine is not yet available to prevent RSV infection. Upon RSV infection, lung dendritic cells (DCs) detecting pathogens migrate to the lymph nodes and activate the adaptive immune response. Therefore, RSV has evolved various immunomodulatory strategies to inhibit DC function. Due to the capacity of RSV to modulate defense mechanisms in hosts, RSV infection results in inappropriate activation of immune responses resulting in immunopathology and frequent reinfection throughout life. This review discusses how DCs recognize invading RSV and induce adaptive immune responses, as well as the regulatory mechanisms mediated by RSV to disrupt DC functions and ultimately avoid host defenses. MDPI 2020-01-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7020095/ /pubmed/31952261 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12010102 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jung, Hi Eun
Kim, Tae Hoon
Lee, Heung Kyu
Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
title Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
title_full Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
title_fullStr Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
title_full_unstemmed Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
title_short Contribution of Dendritic Cells in Protective Immunity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
title_sort contribution of dendritic cells in protective immunity against respiratory syncytial virus infection
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7020095/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31952261
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12010102
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