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Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update
Aversive memories are at the heart of psychiatric disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we present a new behavioral approach in rats that robustly attenuates aversive memories. This method consists of ‘deconditioning’ animals previously trained to associate a ton...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7021486/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31999254 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.51207 |
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author | Popik, Bruno Amorim, Felippe Espinelli Amaral, Olavo B De Oliveira Alvares, Lucas |
author_facet | Popik, Bruno Amorim, Felippe Espinelli Amaral, Olavo B De Oliveira Alvares, Lucas |
author_sort | Popik, Bruno |
collection | PubMed |
description | Aversive memories are at the heart of psychiatric disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we present a new behavioral approach in rats that robustly attenuates aversive memories. This method consists of ‘deconditioning’ animals previously trained to associate a tone with a strong footshock by replacing it with a much weaker one during memory retrieval. Our results indicate that deconditioning-update is more effective than traditional extinction in reducing fear responses; moreover, such effects are long lasting and resistant to renewal and spontaneous recovery. Remarkably, this strategy overcame important boundary conditions for memory updating, such as remote or very strong traumatic memories. The same beneficial effect was found in other types of fear-related memories. Deconditioning was mediated by L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and is consistent with computational accounts of mismatch-induced memory updating. Our results suggest that shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update is a promising approach to attenuate traumatic memories. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7021486 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70214862020-02-18 Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update Popik, Bruno Amorim, Felippe Espinelli Amaral, Olavo B De Oliveira Alvares, Lucas eLife Neuroscience Aversive memories are at the heart of psychiatric disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we present a new behavioral approach in rats that robustly attenuates aversive memories. This method consists of ‘deconditioning’ animals previously trained to associate a tone with a strong footshock by replacing it with a much weaker one during memory retrieval. Our results indicate that deconditioning-update is more effective than traditional extinction in reducing fear responses; moreover, such effects are long lasting and resistant to renewal and spontaneous recovery. Remarkably, this strategy overcame important boundary conditions for memory updating, such as remote or very strong traumatic memories. The same beneficial effect was found in other types of fear-related memories. Deconditioning was mediated by L-type voltage-gated calcium channels and is consistent with computational accounts of mismatch-induced memory updating. Our results suggest that shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update is a promising approach to attenuate traumatic memories. eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd 2020-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7021486/ /pubmed/31999254 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.51207 Text en © 2020, Popik et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Popik, Bruno Amorim, Felippe Espinelli Amaral, Olavo B De Oliveira Alvares, Lucas Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
title | Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
title_full | Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
title_fullStr | Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
title_full_unstemmed | Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
title_short | Shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
title_sort | shifting from fear to safety through deconditioning-update |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7021486/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31999254 http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.51207 |
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