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The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas
Maintaining the abundance of carbon stored aboveground in Amazon forests is central to any comprehensive climate stabilization strategy. Growing evidence points to indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) as buffers against large-scale carbon emissions across a nine-nation network of indigen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022157/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31988116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913321117 |
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author | Walker, Wayne S. Gorelik, Seth R. Baccini, Alessandro Aragon-Osejo, Jose Luis Josse, Carmen Meyer, Chris Macedo, Marcia N. Augusto, Cicero Rios, Sandra Katan, Tuntiak de Souza, Alana Almeida Cuellar, Saul Llanos, Andres Zager, Irene Mirabal, Gregorio Díaz Solvik, Kylen K. Farina, Mary K. Moutinho, Paulo Schwartzman, Stephan |
author_facet | Walker, Wayne S. Gorelik, Seth R. Baccini, Alessandro Aragon-Osejo, Jose Luis Josse, Carmen Meyer, Chris Macedo, Marcia N. Augusto, Cicero Rios, Sandra Katan, Tuntiak de Souza, Alana Almeida Cuellar, Saul Llanos, Andres Zager, Irene Mirabal, Gregorio Díaz Solvik, Kylen K. Farina, Mary K. Moutinho, Paulo Schwartzman, Stephan |
author_sort | Walker, Wayne S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Maintaining the abundance of carbon stored aboveground in Amazon forests is central to any comprehensive climate stabilization strategy. Growing evidence points to indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) as buffers against large-scale carbon emissions across a nine-nation network of indigenous territories (ITs) and protected natural areas (PNAs). Previous studies have demonstrated a link between indigenous land management and avoided deforestation, yet few have accounted for forest degradation and natural disturbances—processes that occur without forest clearing but are increasingly important drivers of biomass loss. Here we provide a comprehensive accounting of aboveground carbon dynamics inside and outside Amazon protected lands. Using published data on changes in aboveground carbon density and forest cover, we track gains and losses in carbon density from forest conversion and degradation/disturbance. We find that ITs and PNAs stored more than one-half (58%; 41,991 MtC) of the region’s carbon in 2016 but were responsible for just 10% (−130 MtC) of the net change (−1,290 MtC). Nevertheless, nearly one-half billion tons of carbon were lost from both ITs and PNAs (−434 MtC and −423 MtC, respectively), with degradation/disturbance accounting for >75% of the losses in 7 countries. With deforestation increasing, and degradation/disturbance a neglected but significant source of region-wide emissions (47%), our results suggest that sustained support for IPLC stewardship of Amazon forests is critical. IPLCs provide a global environmental service that merits increased political protection and financial support, particularly if Amazon Basin countries are to achieve their commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7022157 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70221572020-02-21 The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas Walker, Wayne S. Gorelik, Seth R. Baccini, Alessandro Aragon-Osejo, Jose Luis Josse, Carmen Meyer, Chris Macedo, Marcia N. Augusto, Cicero Rios, Sandra Katan, Tuntiak de Souza, Alana Almeida Cuellar, Saul Llanos, Andres Zager, Irene Mirabal, Gregorio Díaz Solvik, Kylen K. Farina, Mary K. Moutinho, Paulo Schwartzman, Stephan Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Maintaining the abundance of carbon stored aboveground in Amazon forests is central to any comprehensive climate stabilization strategy. Growing evidence points to indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) as buffers against large-scale carbon emissions across a nine-nation network of indigenous territories (ITs) and protected natural areas (PNAs). Previous studies have demonstrated a link between indigenous land management and avoided deforestation, yet few have accounted for forest degradation and natural disturbances—processes that occur without forest clearing but are increasingly important drivers of biomass loss. Here we provide a comprehensive accounting of aboveground carbon dynamics inside and outside Amazon protected lands. Using published data on changes in aboveground carbon density and forest cover, we track gains and losses in carbon density from forest conversion and degradation/disturbance. We find that ITs and PNAs stored more than one-half (58%; 41,991 MtC) of the region’s carbon in 2016 but were responsible for just 10% (−130 MtC) of the net change (−1,290 MtC). Nevertheless, nearly one-half billion tons of carbon were lost from both ITs and PNAs (−434 MtC and −423 MtC, respectively), with degradation/disturbance accounting for >75% of the losses in 7 countries. With deforestation increasing, and degradation/disturbance a neglected but significant source of region-wide emissions (47%), our results suggest that sustained support for IPLC stewardship of Amazon forests is critical. IPLCs provide a global environmental service that merits increased political protection and financial support, particularly if Amazon Basin countries are to achieve their commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement. National Academy of Sciences 2020-02-11 2020-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7022157/ /pubmed/31988116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913321117 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Walker, Wayne S. Gorelik, Seth R. Baccini, Alessandro Aragon-Osejo, Jose Luis Josse, Carmen Meyer, Chris Macedo, Marcia N. Augusto, Cicero Rios, Sandra Katan, Tuntiak de Souza, Alana Almeida Cuellar, Saul Llanos, Andres Zager, Irene Mirabal, Gregorio Díaz Solvik, Kylen K. Farina, Mary K. Moutinho, Paulo Schwartzman, Stephan The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
title | The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
title_full | The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
title_fullStr | The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
title_short | The role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of Amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
title_sort | role of forest conversion, degradation, and disturbance in the carbon dynamics of amazon indigenous territories and protected areas |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022157/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31988116 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1913321117 |
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