High Fibre Gluten-Free Fresh Pasta with Tiger Nut, Chickpea and Fenugreek: Technofunctional, Sensory and Nutritional Properties

Gluten-free pasta production with a low glycaemic index and improved nutritional profile is still a challenge for the food industry. In this study, pasta was produced from fenugreek (FF), chickpea (CPF) and tiger nut (TNF) flours. CPF and FF are interesting for a balanced contribution of soluble and insoluble fibre by combining the health benefits of each type of fibre that promotes health. TNF, also rich in insoluble fibre, can provide additional healthy properties. The partial substitution of TNF for FF (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% w/w solids) was assessed, and the relation linking chemical composition, structure, cooking and rheological properties and predictive in-vitro starch digestion (eGI, expected glycaemic index) was analysed. The results revealed that FF, rich in galactomannans, not only improves the nutritional profile and lowers the eGI but also helps to naturally enhance the structure of the pasta product and, thus, cooking behaviour (higher swelling index and fewer cooking losses).