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Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions
Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a destructive pest of maize throughout the African continent. Bt maize is an effective control measure for this pest, however, selection pressure for resistance evolution is high. This necessitates the implementation of insect resistance management...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022793/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31877979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11010016 |
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author | Visser, Andri Du Plessis, Hannalene Erasmus, Annemie van den Berg, Johnnie |
author_facet | Visser, Andri Du Plessis, Hannalene Erasmus, Annemie van den Berg, Johnnie |
author_sort | Visser, Andri |
collection | PubMed |
description | Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a destructive pest of maize throughout the African continent. Bt maize is an effective control measure for this pest, however, selection pressure for resistance evolution is high. This necessitates the implementation of insect resistance management (IRM) strategies such as the high-dose/refuge strategy. This IRM strategy relies on the validity of several assumptions about the behaviour of pests during insect-hostplant interactions. In this study, the migration behaviour of B. fusca larvae was evaluated in a semi-field (greenhouse) and field setting. The effect of factors such as different Cry proteins, plant growth stage at infestation, and plant density on the rate and distance of larval migration were investigated over four and five week periods. Migration of the larvae were recorded by using both a leaf feeding damage rating scale and destructive sampling at the end of the trials. Results indicated that B. fusca larval migration success was significantly affected by plant growth stage and plant density—while limited larval migration was recorded in plots inoculated with larvae at a late growth stage (V10), higher plant density facilitated increased interplant migration. The results also suggest that B. fusca larvae do not migrate extensively (rarely further than two plants from the natal plant) and that larval mortality is high. Implications for IRM strategies are discussed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7022793 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-70227932020-03-11 Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions Visser, Andri Du Plessis, Hannalene Erasmus, Annemie van den Berg, Johnnie Insects Article Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a destructive pest of maize throughout the African continent. Bt maize is an effective control measure for this pest, however, selection pressure for resistance evolution is high. This necessitates the implementation of insect resistance management (IRM) strategies such as the high-dose/refuge strategy. This IRM strategy relies on the validity of several assumptions about the behaviour of pests during insect-hostplant interactions. In this study, the migration behaviour of B. fusca larvae was evaluated in a semi-field (greenhouse) and field setting. The effect of factors such as different Cry proteins, plant growth stage at infestation, and plant density on the rate and distance of larval migration were investigated over four and five week periods. Migration of the larvae were recorded by using both a leaf feeding damage rating scale and destructive sampling at the end of the trials. Results indicated that B. fusca larval migration success was significantly affected by plant growth stage and plant density—while limited larval migration was recorded in plots inoculated with larvae at a late growth stage (V10), higher plant density facilitated increased interplant migration. The results also suggest that B. fusca larvae do not migrate extensively (rarely further than two plants from the natal plant) and that larval mortality is high. Implications for IRM strategies are discussed. MDPI 2019-12-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7022793/ /pubmed/31877979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11010016 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Visser, Andri Du Plessis, Hannalene Erasmus, Annemie van den Berg, Johnnie Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions |
title | Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions |
title_full | Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions |
title_fullStr | Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions |
title_full_unstemmed | Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions |
title_short | Larval Migration Behaviour of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Bt and Non-Bt Maize under Semi-Field and Field Conditions |
title_sort | larval migration behaviour of busseola fusca (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on bt and non-bt maize under semi-field and field conditions |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022793/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31877979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11010016 |
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